Wiktor Wise
With global emissions reaching an all-time high in 2019, the dangers of burning fossil fuels and the threat of dwindling supplies are well-known. As a result, governments and energy companies are investing in green alternatives and sustainable ways to power homes. The shift from gas to low-carbon alternatives is gaining momentum, with over 48 cities outlawing natural gas in new buildings. Homeowners play a critical role in the transition to a zero-carbon world, and converting a home to electric power is one way to contribute to this shift. This process involves disconnecting the house from the gas line, performing electrical upgrades, and investing in an efficient system with the desired functionality.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Why convert to electric? | To reduce environmental dangers posed by burning fossil fuels and due to dwindling supplies. |
| Who can help with the conversion? | A builder, a specialist electric heating company, and a certified electrician. |
| What does a specialist electric heating company do? | Ensure you invest in the most efficient system, with the functionality you need. |
| What does a certified electrician do? | Handle complex installations. |
| What are some easy and cheap energy efficiency measures? | LED lighting, sealing leaky windows, doors and ductwork, operating electrical appliances efficiently, and installing solar panels. |
| What are some more costly efficiency measures? | Upgrading functional appliances, adding additional wall insulation, and replacing doors and windows. |
| What are some other benefits of switching to electric heating? | Requires less maintenance, no risk of gas leaks and carbon monoxide poisoning, and is generally safer. |
| What are some other things to consider? | Calculating your electric heating costs, checking if your circuit board is up-to-date, and monitoring your energy tariff. |
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What You'll Learn
Benefits of converting to electric
There are several benefits to converting your home to electric. Firstly, electric appliances are designed to be energy-efficient, using less energy and reducing your energy costs. For example, an electric heat pump water heater can save you 15-24% of energy compared to a traditional heater. Electric stoves are also easier to clean, safer to use, and provide a more even cooking surface than gas stoves.
Secondly, electric heating systems are quieter than traditional heating systems and provide better air filtration and dehumidification, improving the air quality in your home. They are also more environmentally friendly, as they do not burn fossil fuels, which can create indoor air pollution and cause respiratory issues.
Thirdly, electric heat pumps can also cool your home in the summer, providing versatility. Additionally, with the right planning and professional installation, electric heating can be an efficient, affordable, and low-maintenance option. For example, installing solar panels can generate electricity for your home, and you can get bill credits for putting excess solar energy back into the grid.
Finally, electric appliances can enhance safety in your home. Electric cooktops, water heaters, and other appliances are less likely to cause fires and explosions than gas-powered devices. They also do not produce emissions, reducing your carbon footprint and improving your health and safety.
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Removing gas systems
Identify Gas-Powered Devices and Systems
The first step is to identify all the devices and systems in your home that are powered by gas. This includes your heating system, water heater, stove, furnace, and any other gas-powered appliances. Understanding the extent of gas usage in your home will help you estimate the scope of the conversion.
Research and Planning
Before beginning the conversion process, it is essential to do your research and plan carefully. Get quotes from multiple contractors who have experience in electrifying homes. Consider the equipment you will need and the potential costs involved. You may also choose to take a DIY approach if you have the necessary skills and commitment.
Choose Suitable Replacements
Decide what you will replace your gas-powered equipment with. You can opt for electric alternatives such as an electric heat pump for heating and an electric water heater. These choices will impact the efficiency of your new system and the overall cost.
Upgrade Electrical Infrastructure
Converting to an all-electric home may require you to upgrade your existing electrical infrastructure. Consult with your chosen contractor or a qualified electrician to ensure your electrical system can handle the additional load and make the necessary upgrades.
Install Renewable Energy Sources (Optional)
To further enhance the energy efficiency of your home and reduce your environmental impact, consider installing renewable energy sources such as rooftop solar panels. This step can help you generate your electricity and potentially reduce your reliance on the traditional power grid.
By following these steps and working with qualified professionals, you can effectively remove gas systems from your home and transition to a cleaner and more energy-efficient all-electric home.
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Installing electric systems
Installing electrical systems is a complex process that requires careful planning and execution. Here are the key steps to installing electrical systems in a house:
Planning and Preparation
Before beginning any installation work, it is essential to have a clear understanding of electrical systems and the specific requirements of the house. This includes learning about the basics of electrical systems, such as electrical wiring, circuits, and safety measures. An energy audit can also be conducted to assess the current energy usage and identify areas for improvement.
Rough-in Wiring
The rough-in wiring stage involves running cables and conduits through the framing of the house, including the studs, ceiling joists, and floor joists. This stage is crucial for ensuring the electrical system's foundation is correctly and safely installed. The type of conduit (e.g., PVC or metal) and the paths for conduits are determined based on local codes and the circuit design. Drilling holes, attaching conduits, and running wires through the conduits to connect them to the main panel and electrical boxes are key steps in this phase.
Device Installation and Connections
Once the rough-in wiring is complete, outlets, switches, and fixtures can be installed. This involves connecting the appropriate wires to each device and securing them in their boxes. Devices such as doorbells, transformers, and GFCI outlets may be installed during this phase, ensuring compliance with local codes and safety standards.
Main Panel Connection
The main panel, or breaker box, is the heart of the electrical system. Connecting the main panel involves working with the utility company to identify the best entry point for electrical service into the home. A conduit is set up from the entry point to the main panel, and the main service wires (two hot wires and one neutral) are run through the conduit. The main breaker is secured within the main panel, ensuring it is easily accessible for homeowners to cut off power if needed.
Safety Checks and Inspections
Before energizing the system, safety tests are conducted to reduce the risk of electrical fires, shocks, or equipment damage. Continuity and polarity tests are performed to ensure uninterrupted electrical flow and correct wiring orientation, respectively. Electrical inspections are also required at various stages of the installation to ensure compliance with local codes and safety standards. These inspections may be conducted by licensed electricians to guarantee the system's safety and legality.
Final Connections
The final step is connecting all circuits to the main service panel. This critical phase should be performed by a licensed electrician to ensure safety and code compliance. Circuit breakers are installed, and the appropriate wires are connected to each breaker, completing the electrical system installation.
It is important to note that electrical installation procedures may vary based on local codes and regulations, and it is always advisable to consult with professionals for guidance and expertise.
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Energy efficiency measures
Energy efficiency is a critical aspect of converting a home to electric, and there are several measures that can be implemented to achieve this.
Firstly, it is essential to conduct an energy evaluation or audit to understand your home's energy usage and identify areas where improvements can be made. This can include techniques such as using an infrared camera to detect air leaks and drafts, which can lead to significant energy losses. Sealing these leaks with caulk, spray foam, or weather stripping is a straightforward way to improve energy efficiency and enhance comfort.
Another crucial step is to improve insulation, particularly in attics, crawl spaces, basements, and exterior walls. This helps maintain a comfortable temperature in the home and reduces the need for heating or cooling. Upgrading windows, doors, and skylights to energy-efficient options, such as ENERGY STAR-rated products, can also significantly reduce energy loss through openings.
Optimizing your heating and cooling systems is essential. Installing a programmable thermostat can help regulate temperatures automatically, saving energy and costs. Upgrading to an energy-efficient hot water heater, such as a tankless or on-demand system, can also provide substantial savings, as water heating accounts for a significant portion of energy expenses.
Appliances account for a considerable amount of energy consumption, so upgrading to ENERGY STAR or ENERGY STAR Most Efficient-qualified products can make a difference. LED lighting is another easy way to improve energy efficiency and reduce electricity costs.
Finally, renewable energy sources, such as rooftop solar panels, can generate electricity and reduce dependence on the grid. This step often provides a faster payback than upgrading appliances or adding insulation.
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Cost of conversion
The cost of converting a home to electric varies depending on the specific measures implemented and the size of the house. For example, the cost of converting a typical 2,000 sq. ft. home to electric can range from $35,000 to $50,000, with rebates bringing the cost down to $43,000 or less.
One of the most significant expenses when converting to electric is the cost of upgrading the electrical service. This can range from $5,000 for a simple upgrade to over $20,000 if underground wiring or transformers need to be updated. Additionally, there may be upfront utility engineering fees and delays of up to six months or more.
Another major cost to consider is the installation of a heat pump system for heating, cooling, and water heating. A heat pump mini-split system can cost around $22,000, but rebates and tax incentives can bring the cost down significantly. For example, one homeowner reported a total cost of $1,600 for a heat pump water heater, including a $400 rebate.
Other costs may include the installation of solar panels and energy storage systems, as well as the replacement of gas appliances with electric alternatives. Solar panels and energy storage can help to reduce electric bills by storing energy during the day and using it at night to avoid peak rates. Electric alternatives to gas appliances include induction cooktops, electric stoves/ovens, electric dryers, and electric vehicle chargers.
It is worth noting that, in some cases, it may not be necessary to replace all gas appliances. For example, rarely used outdoor gas appliances, such as a gas pool/spa heater or gas grill, may be left in place if there are no compelling electric options. Additionally, it is rarely cost-effective to replace existing functional appliances with new, high-efficiency ones. Instead, it is recommended to focus on inexpensive measures such as LED lighting and sealing leaky windows, doors, and ductwork.
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Frequently asked questions
Yes, it is possible to convert a home powered by gas to all-electric.
Heating with electricity is generally safer and easier. It also reduces your carbon footprint and dependence on dwindling fossil fuels. Electric heating appliances also require less maintenance as there is no burning of fossil fuels involved in the process.
You will need to hire a professional gas engineer to disconnect your house from the gas line. The expert should also decommission the boiler and get rid of the pipes and radiators. It is your energy supplier's job to remove the gas meter and ensure that the gas supply is capped. You can then perform a few electrical upgrades and buy a new furnace.
The costs of an all-electric conversion vary depending on several variables. Case studies in Ohio show that total retrofit costs were as high as $49,700 in a 2700-square-foot home, while at the lower end, it was $10,675 for a 1617-square-foot house.
It is important to get in touch with a specialist electric heating company to ensure you invest in the most efficient system. Make sure your circuit board is up to code and can handle the electricity draw. Also, ensure you are on the best energy tariff as tariffs and deals change regularly.
