Beatrice Lang
As the world moves towards decarbonization, many homeowners are considering switching from gas furnaces to electric alternatives. While this may seem like a daunting task, it is a relatively straightforward process with the help of licensed contractors and HVAC technicians. This introduction will discuss the reasons for converting a propane furnace to an electric one, the steps involved in the conversion process, and the potential benefits and drawbacks of making the switch. We will also explore options such as heat pumps and dual fuel systems, providing a comprehensive overview of the topic.
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What You'll Learn
Cost of conversion
The cost of converting a propane furnace to an electric one can vary depending on several factors. Firstly, you need to consider the cost of the new electric furnace itself, which can vary in price depending on the brand, model, and features. Additionally, there may be costs associated with the removal of your existing propane furnace and the installation of the new electric one, including potential electrical upgrades to accommodate the new system.
If you're concerned about the added operating costs of an electric furnace, there are ways to reduce your heating bill. You can invest in a programmable thermostat to automatically adjust temperatures when you're away or sleeping. Only heat the rooms that you need, and consider using energy-efficient portable heaters in frequently occupied spaces. Take advantage of heat generated during cooking or showering by leaving the oven or bathroom door open.
Another option to consider is an add-on heat pump, which can work in conjunction with your propane furnace. This system uses the heat pump when temperatures are mild, and switches to propane heat when the heat pump can't keep up, giving you two sources of heat. This option typically requires a new outside unit, a new coil inside, and a control system, but usually doesn't need any electrical upgrades.
When considering the cost of conversion, it's also important to factor in the potential savings and benefits of switching to an electric furnace. Electric furnaces are more environmentally friendly, easier to install, require less maintenance, and offer versatile programming options for temperature control in different zones of your home.
To estimate the operating costs of an electric furnace, you'll need to determine its wattage and the cost of electricity per kilowatt-hour from your utility company. By multiplying these values and considering your daily and monthly usage, you can estimate your monthly heating costs.
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Removal of existing propane furnace
Removing an existing propane furnace is a complex task that may require professional help. Here is a step-by-step guide to help you through the process:
Step 1: Assess the Furnace Setup
Before beginning the removal process, it is important to understand the setup of your propane furnace. Identify the location of the furnace, the gas and exhaust pipes, the electrical connections, and the ductwork.
Step 2: Disconnect Gas and Electric Lines
Turn off the gas supply to the furnace. Disconnect the gas line and cap it safely, ensuring that it is properly sealed and secure. You may need to consult a professional for this step to ensure it is done correctly and safely. Then, disconnect the electrical connections to the furnace.
Step 3: Remove Exhaust Vent and Inside Grille
The next step is to remove the chrome exhaust vent on the outside. This may require some effort, as the exhaust pipe can get rusted or stuck to the furnace. After removing the exhaust vent, proceed to remove the inside grille.
Step 4: Disconnect Ductwork
Decide whether you want to completely remove the ductwork or leave it in place for future use. If you plan to convert the space into a room, you may want to remove the ductwork from the room while leaving the ceiling ducts intact. Consult a professional HVAC technician for advice on the best approach, especially if you intend to keep the ductwork functional for future use.
Step 5: Remove the Furnace
Now, you can start removing the furnace itself. Look for screws holding the ductwork and the furnace together and begin taking them out. You may need to rock the furnace gently to identify if it is still secured somewhere. Once all the screws are removed, carefully lift or slide the furnace out of its location.
Final Step: Seal Openings and Convert the Space
After removing the furnace, you will need to seal any openings, such as the air intake/vent hole, to make the space functional for its new purpose. You may also reinstall any chrome trim or create a block-off plate to cover the openings.
Remember, this is a complex process, and it is always recommended to seek professional assistance if you are unsure about any steps or if you encounter any challenges during the removal process.
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Installation of new electric furnace
Installation of a new electric furnace
The first step in installing a new electric furnace is deciding whether you want to heat just one room or multiple rooms. This will determine the type of furnace you need and the complexity of the installation process. If you opt for a small furnace for a single room, you simply need to ensure there is a power socket nearby.
However, if you want to heat multiple rooms, you will need to consider installing a duct system. This will require careful planning to ensure the furnace has enough fittings to reach all the desired rooms. You will also need to consider the placement of the furnace, ensuring there is an air intake source and adequate clearance from combustible materials.
Once you have decided on the type of furnace and its placement, you can begin the installation process. If you are confident in your DIY abilities and want to save on labour costs, you can attempt to install the furnace yourself. However, it is highly advised to call qualified personnel, especially if you are installing a complex duct system.
If you are installing a simple electric furnace, it is pretty much just a matter of plugging it into the power socket. For a bigger furnace, you will need to dig a hole in the wall, fix the furnace in place, and ensure the edges are well-isolated to prevent heat loss. You will then need to connect ducts from the furnace to each room you want to heat, being careful to avoid leaks at the joints.
The cost of a new electric furnace as of 2023 ranges from $338 to $621 on average, without labour and installation. Installation costs can vary depending on the brand and size of the furnace, with prices ranging from $1,825 to $2,400. It is important to get multiple quotes from contractors and be wary of hidden markups in the equipment price.
Additionally, you may need to factor in the cost of removing your old furnace, which can range from $183 to $336 on average, as well as any necessary ductwork repairs or replacements. Overall, the total cost of replacing an electric furnace, including materials, labour, and installation, can reach up to $3,523 or more.
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Potential for heat pump system
If you're considering converting a propane furnace to electric, a heat pump system is a potential option. Heat pumps are generally more efficient than gas furnaces, but their efficiency may be impacted by colder temperatures. They are most effective in milder climates and are less effective in harsher, colder winter conditions. Therefore, the location of your home is a significant factor in determining the suitability of a heat pump system.
Heat pumps are versatile, offering both heating and cooling functions, whereas furnaces only provide heat. Heat pumps can be used alongside a furnace, providing a dual fuel system that can enhance efficiency and savings, especially in certain climates. This setup allows you to utilise the efficiency of the heat pump, with the option to switch to propane or gas heat when the pump struggles in lower temperatures.
Heat pumps are also beneficial for indoor air quality. They maintain a consistent temperature, eliminating the furnace turning on and off, and they filter the air, reducing allergens and dust. Additionally, heat pumps are installed outdoors, requiring less space than furnaces, which typically need 30 inches of clearance on all sides.
However, when considering a heat pump system, it's important to factor in the costs. While heat pumps can provide energy savings, there may be additional expenses involved in upgrading your electrical system to support the pump. It's also worth noting that heat pumps may not be suitable for heating water, and a dedicated electric water heater may be more efficient.
Overall, a heat pump system offers a potential solution for converting a propane furnace to electric, providing efficiency, indoor comfort, and space-saving benefits. However, the decision should be made based on your specific location and climate, as well as the potential costs involved.
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Energy efficiency and environmental impact
The energy efficiency and environmental impact of converting a propane furnace to an electric one are important considerations. Electric furnaces are considered more environmentally friendly than propane furnaces as they do not produce direct emissions. However, it is important to consider the energy sources used to generate electricity, which may include fossil fuels.
Propane is a cleaner-burning fuel compared to heating oil, and propane furnaces are more efficient than their oil-based counterparts. Propane furnaces have an average lifespan of 20 years and offer high efficiency in converting fuel to energy. The Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency (AFUE) rating for propane furnaces can be as high as 95%, indicating their effectiveness in converting fuel to heat.
On the other hand, electric furnaces may require more electricity as they age, and they can encounter issues with low airflow, leaky ducts, and incorrect refrigerant charges. Electric heat pumps also tend to lose efficiency in cold weather, requiring backup power when temperatures drop significantly. The efficiency of electric furnaces can be improved by utilising programmable thermostats, zoning, and energy-efficient heaters for frequently used rooms.
When comparing the environmental impact of propane and electricity, it is important to consider the entire energy cycle. Propane is estimated to be 87% efficient when accounting for extraction, processing, and transportation, while electricity is only 32% efficient due to losses during transmission and distribution. Additionally, the primary source of electricity generation in some regions, such as Connecticut, is burning natural gas, which contributes to greenhouse gas emissions.
Converting a propane furnace to an electric one can be a complex decision, weighing the benefits of reduced direct emissions from electric heat against the potential inefficiencies and energy losses associated with electricity generation and transmission. The specific regional context, energy sources, and personal preferences should be considered when making this decision.
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Frequently asked questions
The cost of a new electric furnace ranges from $1,600 to $6,900. However, the overall cost of the conversion will depend on the contractor's rates and the complexity of the installation.
Electric furnaces are more environmentally friendly, require less maintenance, and have versatile programming. They also have lower upfront costs compared to gas furnaces.
You can invest in a programmable thermostat to automatically adjust temperatures when you're away or sleeping. Only heat the rooms that you need, and use energy-efficient heaters in frequently occupied spaces.
