Otis Singleton
The transition from manual parking brakes to electronic parking brakes (EPBs) has brought a new set of challenges. While EPBs can be applied or released with the push of a button, an electrical system failure can make them inoperable. This can be problematic, especially when the vehicle is parked on an incline. To manually release an EPB, one must jack up the vehicle, locate the rear brake caliper, and remove the electromechanical parking brake motor. However, this procedure varies across different vehicle manufacturers, and it is important to refer to the service information provided by the manufacturer.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| How to turn off | Push down to turn on, then turn off |
| Manually release by removing bolts and electromechanical parking brake motor | |
| Turn the caliper piston adjustment bolt 1/2 to one full turn to release the brake caliper | |
| Putting foot on brake pedal and pulling the parking brake switch up | |
| Using a diagnostic tool | |
| When to turn off | When brake release is requested |
| When brake apply is requested and the brake is already applied | |
| When the vehicle comes to a full stop | |
| When the trunk lid is open | |
| When the vehicle is parked at an incline | |
| When the driver accelerates |
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What You'll Learn
Manually releasing an electronic parking brake
Firstly, it is important to understand the basic functionality of electronic parking brakes. When parking a car, there are two ways to keep it stationary: shifting into park or using a manual transmission into gear, and setting the parking brake. Modern cars may have an electronic control unit that operates the parking brake, allowing the driver to apply or release it with a button. However, these systems can also operate automatically, such as when the vehicle comes to a full stop or when the trunk lid is open.
In the event of an electrical system failure, an electronic parking brake may become stuck and inoperable. This can make moving the vehicle challenging. To manually release the electronic parking brake, follow these steps:
- Ensure that the vehicle is on a stable and level surface that can support the jack.
- Jack up the vehicle safely and securely.
- Locate the rear brake caliper by getting under the back of the vehicle.
- Identify if the electromechanical parking brake motor is serviceable. If it is, there will be bolts holding it onto the caliper housing.
- Remove the bolts holding the motor to the caliper housing. Do not unplug the motor, as this could result in the loss of basic settings and potentially require replacement of the brake caliper or motor.
- Carefully remove the electromechanical parking brake motor, being cautious not to catch the motor or harness on any suspension components.
- Secure the removed motor out of the way.
- Using the appropriate socket that fits into the back of the caliper piston, turn the caliper piston adjustment bolt by a half to one full turn to release the brake caliper. Perform this step on both sides.
- Lower the vehicle by removing it from the jack stands, being mindful not to catch any of the electromechanical parking brake motors on the suspension components.
- After completing the repair, reverse the procedure on the electromechanical parking brakes. The control module should relearn the air gap between the brake pads and rotors by operating the electronic parking brake a few times.
It is important to note that there are different designs of electronic parking brakes, and this method may not apply to all vehicles. Always refer to the manufacturer's service information and instructions for specific details pertaining to your car. Additionally, some vehicles may have a manual release tool located with the spare tire tools. This tool can be used to release the brakes in case the system becomes non-functional.
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Understanding the electronic parking brake system
The electronic parking brake (EPB) system is a modern feature in vehicles that electronically controls the parking brake. This system is also referred to as the electric parking brake or electric park brake. The driver activates the holding mechanism with a simple press of a button, and the brake pads are electrically applied to the rear wheels. This is made possible by an electronic control unit (ECU) and an actuator mechanism.
The EPB system was first introduced in the 2001 Lancia Thesis, and since then, it has become a feature in numerous vehicles. EPB systems not only perform the basic function of holding the vehicle in place but also offer additional functionalities. For instance, they can automatically release the park brakes when the driver presses the accelerator or engages the clutch, and they can re-clamp with additional force when vehicle motion is detected.
There are two types of EPB configurations currently in production: Cable puller systems and Caliper integrated systems. The implementation of the control logic for the actuators can be achieved through a stand-alone ECU or by integrating it with the ECU for electronic stability control.
The electronic parking brake control unit works in conjunction with the ABS control unit to manage the system effectively. The EPB system receives input from various sensors, including the clutch position sensor, the electronic parking brake button, and the Auto Hold (hill holder) button. This system also provides visual indicators to communicate different messages to the driver. For example, the EPB light illuminates when the EPB switch is turned on, and a blinking light indicates that the brake has not attained sufficient clamping force.
While the EPB system offers convenience and additional functionality, it is important to note that it may become inoperable in the event of an electrical system failure. In such cases, manually releasing the electronic parking brake may be necessary, and this process can vary depending on the vehicle's design.
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How to disable the brake
To disable an electronic parking brake, you can follow these steps:
First, ensure that your vehicle is parked on a stable, level surface and engage the parking brake. It is important to check your vehicle's surroundings and confirm that it is secure before proceeding. Once you have confirmed the stability and safety of your vehicle, you can begin the process of disabling the electronic parking brake.
Next, locate the rear brake caliper by accessing the rear of the vehicle. Some electronic parking brake motors are serviceable, meaning they can be adjusted or removed, while others are not. If your vehicle has a serviceable motor, you will find bolts holding it onto the caliper housing. Remove these bolts carefully, taking care not to catch the motor or harness on any suspension components.
After removing the bolts, carefully set aside the electromechanical parking brake motor, ensuring it is secure and clear of any components that could cause damage. Then, using the appropriate socket that fits into the back of the caliper piston, adjust the caliper piston by turning the adjustment bolt half a turn to one full turn. This action will release the brake caliper. Repeat this process on both sides of the vehicle.
At this point, you can lower the vehicle by removing it from the jack stands. Again, be cautious to avoid any contact with suspension components while lowering. Once your vehicle is lowered, you may need to reverse the procedure, depending on your vehicle's system. Newer systems often relearn the air gap between the brake pads and rotors by operating the electronic parking brake a few times. However, in some cases, you may need to clear faults.
It is important to note that this process may vary depending on the specific design and manufacturer of your vehicle. Always refer to the service information provided by the manufacturer for precise instructions. Additionally, some vehicles may have different methods for disabling the electronic parking brake, such as using a diagnostic tool or specific switch.
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Using a diagnostic tool to release the brake
Using a diagnostic tool is an effective way to release an electronic parking brake (EPB). These tools are designed to communicate with a vehicle's electronic control systems, allowing for the safe release of the brake and avoiding potential damage to components. They can also be used to perform other diagnostic functions, such as reading and clearing error codes, displaying live sensor data, and conducting vehicle diagnostics.
There are several recommended electronic parking brake scan tools on the market, including the iSmartTool 601Max, iSmartEV P01, and iSmartEV P03, which are compatible with most makes and models of vehicles. Other options include the NT530, NT809, and GT60 Plus bi-directional scanners, as well as tools from Innova and Foxwell. These tools can be invaluable when releasing the electronic parking brake is critical, such as during maintenance or repair work.
To use a diagnostic scan tool to release the electronic parking brake, follow these general steps:
- Connect the scan tool to the onboard diagnostics (OBD-II) port, typically located near the steering wheel under the dashboard.
- Turn on your vehicle's ignition and ensure all electrical systems are activated.
- Navigate to the EPB or brake service section using the scan tool's menu system.
- Follow the instructions on the scan tool to initiate the EPB release procedure. This will typically involve sending a command to the electronic actuators to retract the brake pads.
- After any maintenance or repair work, use the scan tool to command the motors or actuators to clamp the brake pads back into the working position.
It is important to consult the vehicle's manual and the tool's instruction manual before attempting to reset the electronic parking brake using a diagnostic tool. Additionally, some vehicles may have specific requirements, such as ensuring the doors are shut and the brake pedal is depressed, so it is essential to be familiar with the vehicle's system.
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The parking brake indicator light
Illumination of the Parking Brake Indicator Light:
Continuous Blinking of the Parking Brake Indicator Light:
If the parking brake indicator light blinks continuously after engaging the parking brake, it indicates that the brake has not attained sufficient clamping force to hold the vehicle securely. This could be due to factors such as the vehicle being parked on an incline. In such cases, it is important to refer to the notifications on the instrument panel display for further information.
Malfunction Indication:
Troubleshooting and Maintenance:
If the parking brake indicator light stays on even when the parking brake is not engaged, there could be several reasons. Firstly, ensure that the parking brake lever or handle is completely lowered to disengage the braking system properly. If the issue persists, it could indicate low brake fluid levels or a brake fluid leak. Check the brake fluid reservoir and top it off if necessary. Additionally, inspect for any leaks by pushing down on the brake pedal; if it goes down easily with little resistance, it could indicate a leak.
In some cases, the issue may lie with the switch that activates the parking brake light. A malfunctioning switch can cause the light to remain lit or blink erratically. It is recommended to refer to the vehicle's service information or consult a technician to address specific issues related to the parking brake indicator light.
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Frequently asked questions
The steps to turn off the electric parking brake vary depending on the car model. In some cars, the driver can apply or release the brake with a button. In others, the brake is released automatically when the driver accelerates. If your car has a removable motor on each caliper, you can manually release the brake by removing the bolts and electromechanical parking brake motor.
First, make sure the car is on a stable surface. Then, jack up the car and locate the rear brake caliper. Remove the bolts holding the electromechanical parking brake motor to the caliper housing and carefully remove the motor. Using the correct socket, turn the caliper piston adjustment bolt 1/2 to one full turn to release the brake caliper. Repeat on both sides.
If your electric parking brake is malfunctioning, try pushing the button to turn it on and off again. If this does not work, refer to your car's service information or contact a technician.
The parking brake indicator light on the instrument panel will illuminate when the electric parking brake is engaged.
