
In electrical engineering, VE is a term used to refer to voltage. Voltage is the difference in electric potential between two points, and it is measured in volts. The term VE is commonly used in electrical engineering to refer to the voltage between two specific points in a circuit. For example, the voltage across a component or the voltage between the ground and a specific point in a circuit. The term VE is also used to refer to the voltage level of a specific node or terminal in a circuit.
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What You'll Learn

+ve and gate source voltage
In electrical engineering, the word "positive" is sometimes shortened to "+ve". This notation is used to indicate a positive gate source voltage. For example, the symbol "+ve" may be used to indicate a positive gate-source voltage in a MOSFET transistor.
A MOSFET (metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor) is a type of voltage-controlled device commonly used in electronic circuits. The gate-source voltage, denoted as VGS or VGS+, is an important parameter in the operation of MOSFETs. It refers to the voltage applied between the gate and source terminals of the transistor.
The gate-source voltage plays a crucial role in determining the conductivity of the channel between the source and drain terminals of the MOSFET. By applying a positive voltage to the gate terminal, a vertical electric field is generated, which controls the amount of charge and conductivity of the channel. This process is known as accumulation or depletion of mobile charge carriers.
The gate-source voltage also influences the current flow at the gate terminal. In a typical field-effect transistor (FET), the gate potential varies the conductivity of the channel, and the current flow is regulated by applying a voltage between the source and drain terminals. The minimum gate-source voltage required to turn on the MOSFET is known as the gate threshold voltage (VTH). However, it's important to note that the MOSFET will not allow a large drain current to flow at this point.
The relationship between MOSFET gate voltage and source voltage is a topic of discussion among electrical engineers. Some engineers have expressed surprise at the lack of a higher voltage at the MOSFET source pin when using multiple voltage sources with a common ground. It's important to carefully consider the circuit design and voltage levels to ensure optimal performance and avoid issues such as voltage swings.
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-ve and voltage negative
In electrical engineering, the term '-ve' is commonly used to refer to a negative voltage with respect to ground. Ground or 0V is typically the reference potential within a circuit. When you connect the "+" pole of a battery to the ground, the "-" pole of the battery becomes the negative pole with respect to the ground.
The terms Vdd and Vss are often used to refer to positive and negative voltages, respectively. Vdd is normally 3.3V or lower (1.8V or 1.2V), while Vss refers to zero volts. In some circuits, you will find pins Vss and Vdd instead of Vcc and Vee, which were commonly used in the past. The use of Vdd and Vss is derived from the binary notation system, where a single digit represents a power of 2, and the double letters ("dd" or "ss") indicate higher power levels.
In the context of MOSFET transistors, the term Ve refers to the gate source voltage when it is positive. The +" symbol already indicates that the voltage is positive, so the use of "+ve" is redundant, similar to how PIN is used as an acronym for "number", making "PIN number" redundant.
In circuits using bipolar junction transistors (BJTs), the negative supply voltage on the emitter side of an NPN-type transistor is referred to as "Vee". It is believed that the repetition of the letter "E" in "Vee" helps distinguish it from the emitter voltage (VE). Vee is typically directly connected to the emitter or connected through resistors or other means. In a single power supply system, Vee shares the same potential as ground. Circuits with multiple negative supply voltages may use labels like "Vee1" and "Vee2" to distinguish between them.
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VSS and VDD
In electrical engineering, VSS and VDD are terms used to refer to power supply voltages. The specific meaning of these terms depends on the type of transistor used in the electronic device.
If an electronic device uses bipolar transistors (BJTs), VSS refers to the negative supply voltage, while VDD refers to the positive supply voltage. In this context, VSS may also be referred to as GND or ground. On the other hand, if an electronic device uses field-effect transistors (FETs) or metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs), then VSS and VDD refer to the voltage applied to the source and drain of the transistors, respectively. In FET and MOSFET circuits, VSS represents the negative supply voltage, while VDD represents the positive supply voltage.
The notation of doubling the letters in "VSS" and "VDD", using "SS" and "DD", helps to distinguish power supply connections from other signal nodes in a circuit diagram. This notation provides a clear indication of their purpose as voltage sources or voltage references. For example, in a circuit with multiple sources in series, using "VSS" instead of "VS" helps to differentiate between the voltage of a specific source and the voltage between a transistor's emitter and ground.
The use of VSS and VDD has become widely recognised and accepted as the standard in the industry for representing power supply voltages in all electronic circuits, regardless of the technology being used (MOSFET or bipolar).
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VCC and Vee
In electrical engineering, VCC and Vee are terms used to refer to power supply voltages. They are part of the nomenclature system used to refer to positive and negative voltages in electronic circuits.
VCC
VCC stands for "voltage (at) collector". It is the positive power-supply voltage associated with the collector in a bipolar circuit. The voltage is usually 5 volts, but it can also be lower, such as 3.3V, 1.8V, or 1.2V. In some cases, VCC is used with CMOS devices, likely due to convention.
Vee
Vee, on the other hand, stands for "voltage (at) emitter" and represents the negative power-supply voltage associated with the emitter. It is often connected to the ground and is typically the most negative voltage in the circuit.
The use of these terms, VCC and Vee, along with other letter combinations like VDD and VSS, is derived from the binary notation system. In this system, a single letter represents a power of 2, while a double letter combination indicates a higher power of 2 in terms of voltage. For example, VDD and VSS are used to refer to the positive and negative voltages, respectively, in a MOS circuit.
The specific nomenclature used depends on the type of transistors in the electronic device. For instance, in devices with bipolar transistors (BJTs), the voltage applied to the collector is denoted as -VCC, while the voltage at the emitter is -Vee.
It is important to note that the convention of repeating letters is employed when referring to points relative to ground. For instance, in some devices with multiple supplies relative to ground, you may see Vee gnd or Vss used.
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VEE and ground
In electrical engineering, "VEE" is a term used to refer to the voltage applied to the emitter leg of a transistor. It is typically used to represent the ground terminal or negative power voltage in a circuit.
When discussing electrical circuits, it is essential to understand the different voltage levels and how they are referenced. The voltage levels in a circuit are typically referenced to a common point, which is often the ground terminal. This ground terminal is represented as "GND" in circuit diagrams and is considered the zero-voltage reference point.
In some circuits, you may find both positive and negative voltage levels. For example, a DC power supply may have +V, -V, and GND (ground) terminals. The +V terminal represents a positive voltage level above the ground potential, while the -V terminal represents a negative voltage level below the ground potential.
When working with transistors, the term "VEE" specifically refers to the voltage applied to the emitter leg of the transistor. This voltage is typically negative, as indicated by the "V" for voltage and "E" for emitter, which is the leg of the transistor that emits electrons. By applying a voltage to the emitter, it controls the flow of electrons through the transistor, influencing the overall behaviour of the circuit.
It is important to distinguish between different voltage levels and their connections to ensure the proper functioning of the circuit. For example, when using an oscilloscope to analyse waveforms, connecting the ground reference correctly is crucial to obtaining accurate measurements. Similarly, when working with op-amps, ensuring that the amplitude of the signal does not go above VCC or below VEE is essential for the amplification process.
In summary, "VEE" in electrical engineering represents the voltage applied to the emitter leg of a transistor and is typically associated with the ground terminal or negative power voltage in a circuit. Understanding the roles of VEE, VCC, and GND is essential for designing, analysing, and troubleshooting electrical circuits.
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Frequently asked questions
'VE' is the abbreviation for emitter voltage. The negative supply voltage on the emitter side of an NPN-type Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT) is referred to as "VEE".
'+ve' refers to a positive voltage, whereas '-ve' refers to a negative voltage with respect to ground.
Other common abbreviations include VDD, VSS, and VCC. VDD and VSS refer to positive and negative voltages, respectively. VCC is used as the positive supply voltage for circuits using Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJT).











































