Beatrice Lang
Kilns are expensive, so it's no surprise that people often look to buy them second-hand. However, there is no easy way to determine the price of a used kiln. A good rule of thumb is that a used kiln is worth 25-50% of the price of a similar new kiln, depending on wear and tear, age, and operating condition. If you are buying a used kiln, you should be aware that older kilns tend to have simpler controls, and may need repairs or upgrades. You should also check that the kiln can fire, as a kiln that cannot demonstrate firing is a big risk to buy.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Age | Older kilns tend to have simpler controls. |
| Controls | 3-position switches, infinite switches, and kiln sitters are common in older kilns. |
| Cost of upgrades | Add-on controllers can cost $500 or more. |
| Warranty | Used kilns do not have warranties. |
| Wear and tear | The value of a used kiln depends on its wear, age, and operating condition. |
| Elements | Replacing elements can cost a few hundred dollars. |
| Market demand | The value of a used kiln depends on market demand. |
| Firing history | Used kilns have a firing history, which may include leaded glazes. |
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Used kiln deals
Used kilns are great for people who are more handy and comfortable with fixing things up. They can be a good deal, but it is important to be realistic about what you are getting and do your research before buying. There is no standard pricing reference for used kilns, so their value is whatever someone is willing to pay for them.
When looking for a used kiln, it is important to first decide on the brand, type (electric, gas, etc.), cone (the maximum temperature the kiln can reach), and size. It is also crucial to inspect the kiln thoroughly to determine what repairs need to be done and how much they will cost. Check if the kiln turns on, look for any burn marks, rust, or crumbling bricks, and assess the condition of the interior and exterior.
Some common issues with older kilns include simpler controls and the potential need to replace heating elements, which can cost a few hundred dollars. Additionally, used kilns do not come with warranties, so it is a riskier purchase compared to buying a new kiln, which will have new heating elements and a warranty.
When considering a used kiln, it is essential to investigate, ask questions, and understand the potential issues. See if the kiln can heat up, check the age and condition of the elements, thermocouple, and relays, and find out what has been fired in the kiln previously.
Overall, while there are some good deals on used kilns, it is important to be aware of the potential risks and necessary repairs. By doing your research and inspecting the kiln thoroughly, you can make an informed decision about whether a used kiln is the right choice for you.
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Kiln controls
Kiln controllers are available in manual and automatic options. Manual controllers are often the only option for smaller kiln models. They are also a good choice for those who are new to using kilns or are testing items or beads. However, manual controllers are incapable of complex firing processes and do not have the ability to slowly and gradually decrease temperatures. They also do not have ramp/hold modes, which can make many projects near impossible to complete.
Electronic or automatic controllers, on the other hand, can execute pre-programmed cone firings or elaborate ramp-hold firing sequences with just a few presses of the keypad. They help bring consistency and repeatability to firings. Orton Ceramics makes electronic kiln controllers and controller kits to upgrade existing kilns. Orton's Multi-Zone AutoFire 3000 Controller is much more difficult to install than a single-zone controller as it requires wiring the controller directly into the kiln's heating elements. Skutt also makes a wall-mount controller with a Skutt KilnMaster control panel.
To install a new controller, you will need to remove the old controller unit from its housing, detach the thermocouple leads, and remove the wiring harness. Then, install the new controller mounting box and snake the thermocouple leads and wiring through the middle of the mounting box. Finally, screw in the mounting box to your kiln and plug in the new wiring harness adapter.
There are also electronic controllers with touchscreens, such as the Temperature Automation by Proportional-Integral Derivative (TAP) Control, which allows users to develop and edit programs from a computer, tablet, or phone.
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Kiln condition
The condition of an old electric kiln is a significant factor in determining its worth. While there is no standard pricing reference, the value of a used kiln can be estimated to be 25% to 50% of the price of a new kiln with similar features, with adjustments made based on its condition.
When assessing the condition of a used kiln, it is important to consider its age and the resulting wear and tear. Older kilns may have issues with their wiring, which can get hard and brittle due to the heat and the ageing of the plastic. It is advisable to check the flex and plug on the power supply for any signs of deterioration or safety hazards. In some cases, removing the casing on the kiln box can provide a more thorough inspection of the wiring. If you are unsure about handling electrics, it is recommended to seek the assistance of a qualified electrician.
The exterior condition of the kiln should also be examined for any signs of corrosion, rust, or deterioration. A well-maintained kiln is likely to have been regularly serviced and may have replacement parts, which can extend its lifespan. It is also important to check the interior for any signs of damage, such as crumbling bricks or residue buildup, as these issues can impact the kiln's performance.
The history of the kiln's usage is another factor to consider. High-temperature firing and frequent use can impact the lifespan of the heating elements, thermocouples, and relays. Obtaining information about the kiln's firing history can help assess the condition and potential remaining lifespan of these critical components.
Additionally, the type of controller can impact the value of a used kiln. Older kilns may have manual or semi-manual controllers, such as 3-position switches, infinite switches, or kiln sitters. While these controllers are functional, they may not offer the same level of precision and control as newer electronic or computer-controlled kilns. Upgrading to an add-on controller can enhance the kiln's functionality but may come at a significant cost.
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Kiln repairs
When it comes to kiln repairs, it's important to be aware that used kilns may require some fixing up, especially if they are older models with simpler controls. Here are some key considerations and steps to take when approaching kiln repairs:
- Assess the kiln's condition: Before purchasing a used kiln or deciding to repair an old one, carefully inspect its condition. Check for any external damage, such as burn marks, rust, or loose components. Examine the interior for signs of deterioration, such as crumbling bricks or glaze buildup. Inquire about the kiln's firing history, including the types of materials fired and the temperatures reached.
- Determine the necessary repairs: Based on your inspection, identify the specific issues that need to be addressed. Common problems may include faulty elements, a malfunctioning thermocouple, or relay issues. If you're unsure, consider seeking advice from a kiln repair technician or consulting online resources.
- Research replacement parts: Prior to purchasing the kiln or initiating repairs, research the availability and cost of replacement parts. This step is crucial in understanding the financial implication of the repairs.
- Decide on repair options: You can choose to repair the kiln yourself if you have the necessary skills and knowledge. Alternatively, engage a kiln repair technician to assist you. Resources like the Kiln Repair Directory by Kiln Frog and Clay-King's list of kiln repair specialists can help you find qualified technicians in your area.
- Troubleshoot common issues: Sometimes, you may be able to resolve minor issues without external help. For example, if your kiln is not reaching the desired temperature, conducting simple tests and checking the kiln's computer (if it has one) can help identify the problem, as demonstrated by "The Kiln Guy" in his work with a satisfied customer.
- Upgrade considerations: If you're looking to enhance the functionality of your old kiln, consider upgrading the controller to add electronic or computer capabilities. However, be mindful that such upgrades can be costly, and it's essential to assess whether the kiln is worth the investment.
Remember, repairing an old kiln can be a rewarding endeavour, but it's important to thoroughly evaluate the condition, potential repairs, and associated costs before committing.
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Kiln inspection
Kilns are essential tools in the world of pottery and ceramics, but they come with a hefty price tag. If you are looking to buy a used kiln, you should be aware that it will likely have simpler controls than a new kiln, and it will not come with a warranty. It is important to thoroughly inspect a used kiln before purchase to determine what repairs need to be done and how much they will cost. Here is a checklist to guide you through the kiln inspection process:
Exterior Inspection
- Check for any burn marks on the metal, rust, or things falling off.
- Inspect the kiln's lid and seal for a tight fit. A proper seal is crucial for efficient firing and preventing heat loss.
- Ensure that kiln furniture and shelves are in good condition, with no cracks or damage.
Interior Inspection
- Look for crumbling bricks on the walls, bottom, and top.
- Check for any glaze stuck to the interior.
- Inspect the kiln for cracks, especially in the refractory, as direct heat can cause it to become dry and crack.
- Examine the burner nozzle, cone, and sensors for any signs of wear or damage.
- Check that the kiln will heat up.
Operational Inspection
- Determine how old the elements, thermocouple, and relays are, and whether they are in good working condition.
- Find out what has been fired in the kiln previously, and whether it has typically been low-fired or high-fired with lead glazes.
- Plug it in to ensure that it turns on.
Pricing
It is difficult to determine the price of a used kiln as there is no standard reference. A good rule of thumb is to find a similar new kiln and assume that the used kiln is worth 25-50% of that price, depending on wear, age, and operating condition.
Annual Inspections
If you already own a kiln, it is important to schedule regular inspections to fine-tune its settings and address any inefficiencies. This will help you achieve the best possible outcomes for your projects and extend the life of your kiln.
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Frequently asked questions
There is no easy way to determine the value of an old electric kiln as there is no standard reference price. A good rule of thumb is to find the price of a new kiln that is similar in size and features and assume that the old kiln is worth 25%-50% of that amount, depending on wear, age, and operating condition.
It is important to inspect the kiln thoroughly to determine what repairs need to be done and how much they will cost. Check the heating elements, thermocouple, and relays, and whether there are any signs of damage on the exterior, such as burn marks, rust, or crumbling bricks.
It is worth noting that used kilns tend to have simpler controls than new kilns, which may limit their capabilities. If you are buying a used kiln, consider whether you are comfortable operating it with those controls or if you will need to upgrade them, which can be costly. If you are selling, be transparent about the kiln's condition and be prepared to answer any questions the buyer may have.
