Trystan Casey
Electrical fires can have devastating consequences and it is important to know how to react quickly and appropriately in case of an emergency. If you encounter an electrical fire, do not throw water on it under any circumstances as this will only cause the fire to spread and increase your chances of being electrocuted. Instead, if it is safe to do so, you should cut off the power supply at the source or use a fire extinguisher that is rated for electrical fires (C or ABC-rated). If the fire is small, you can try to smother it with baking soda or a fire blanket. However, if the fire is large, the best course of action is to evacuate the premises immediately and call the fire department.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| If the fire is large | Get out and call emergency services |
| If the fire is small | Cut the power and use a fire extinguisher, baking soda, dirt, salt, or a fire blanket to smother the fire |
| Fire extinguisher type | C or ABC rated |
| Preventative measures | Use light bulbs with recommended wattage, install child precautions, avoid using extension cords with heating units or air conditioning, don't overload outlets, inspect electrical devices for wear and tear, use power points and extension cords correctly, install smoke detectors |
| Danger signs | Flickering lights, buzzing sounds, frequently blown fuses, discoloured outlets, hot plugs or sockets, scorch marks |
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What You'll Learn
Never use water on an electrical fire
In the event of an electrical fire, it is crucial to remember to never use water to extinguish the flames. While water can be used to control electrical fires, it is not advisable to do so as it can lead to a worse situation. Here's why:
Firstly, water conducts electricity. While pure water is not conductive, mains water contains impurities that allow electricity to pass through it. This means that if you throw water on an electrical fire, you risk completing the circuit and receiving an electric shock. Even if you do not come into direct contact with the water, the electricity can travel up the stream of water and shock you. This is extremely dangerous and can lead to serious injury or even death.
Secondly, water has a low boiling point. When water comes into contact with hot electrical equipment, it evaporates almost instantly. This can cause the water to boil and expand violently, resulting in hot water and steam being thrown everywhere. This not only spreads the fire but also puts you at risk of scalding.
Thirdly, water is not effective in extinguishing electrical fires. While it may cool down the equipment temporarily, it does not address the root cause of the fire, which is the electrical current. Therefore, using water can give a false sense of security, as the fire may reignite once the water has evaporated.
Instead of using water, it is recommended to use a fire extinguisher rated for electrical fires (C or ABC-rated). These extinguishers are designed to handle electrical fires and will effectively smother the flames. If a fire extinguisher is not available, other options include baking soda, salt, or a fire blanket. These materials can also smother the fire, but it is crucial to aim them directly at the base of the flames to avoid fanning the fire and making it worse.
In addition to using the appropriate fire-fighting tools, it is essential to cut off the power source if it is safe to do so. Go to your breaker box and flip the breaker for the affected room, or even all the breakers if necessary. This will help prevent the fire from spreading and give you a better chance of controlling it. Remember, your safety is the top priority, so if you feel unsure or uncomfortable attempting to extinguish the fire, evacuate the area immediately and call for emergency support.
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Use a fire extinguisher rated for electrical fires
If you are experiencing an electrical fire, the first thing to do is to cut the power source. Do not touch any cords attached to whatever is burning. Go to your breaker box and turn off the power. If the fire is large, get out of the building and call emergency services.
If the fire is small, you can try to extinguish it using a fire extinguisher. It is important to use a fire extinguisher that is rated for electrical fires. Water-based and foam extinguishers should not be used on electrical fires, as they can conduct electricity and cause electric shock, severe injury, or even death. They can also cause the fire to spread.
CO2 extinguishers are ideal for electrical fires because they leave no residue and do not damage electrical equipment. They work by displacing the oxygen around the fire and cooling it. Dry powder extinguishers can also be used on electrical fires, but they leave a residue that can be harmful to sensitive electronics and hard to clean.
When using a fire extinguisher, stand at a safe distance from the fire, typically about 8-10 feet away, and move closer as the fire diminishes. Always keep an eye on the fire, even after it seems to be extinguished. If the fire becomes uncontrollable or spreads rapidly, evacuate immediately and call emergency services.
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Smother the fire with baking soda or a fire blanket
If you encounter an electrical fire, the first thing to do is to evacuate the building and call 911 or your local fire department. Do not attempt to fight large electrical fires as they can be extremely dangerous.
However, if the fire is small, you can try to smother it with baking soda or a fire blanket.
Baking soda, or sodium bicarbonate, can be used to remove the fire's oxygen supply. Douse the fire with enough baking soda to smother the flames. This method is only suitable for small fires. Ensure you do not confuse baking soda with baking powder, as the latter is highly flammable. If you cannot turn off the electricity to the affected area, work carefully and avoid touching the appliance or objects that are on fire while dumping baking soda.
Fire blankets are another option for small fires. They are usually made of wool or fiberglass and coated with flame-resistant material. Fire blankets are effective because they smother the fire, cutting off its oxygen supply. Fire blankets are commonly used for small kitchen fires or on someone's clothing. They can also be used to create a barrier around the fire to prevent the flames from spreading. However, fire blankets are not suitable for large, out-of-control fires.
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Cut the power at the source if it's safe to do so
If it is safe to do so, cutting off the power at the source is a crucial step in dealing with an electrical fire. This can sometimes stop the fire immediately. However, it is important to note that you should not touch the cords attached to the burning appliance.
If the plug is out of reach, you should go to your breaker box and cut the power from there. You should flip the breaker for the room where the fire is occurring. If you are unsure, turn off every breaker.
If the fire is small and you can safely reach the plug, you can unplug the appliance to cut off the power. However, if the plug is out of reach, do not attempt to get to it if it means putting yourself at risk. Instead, evacuate the area and call the fire department.
If you are able to cut off the power at the source, you can then attempt to put out the fire. This can be done by smothering the flames with baking soda or a fire blanket. Dense clothing or a heavy blanket can also be used to smother a small electrical fire.
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Evacuate the building and call emergency services
If you encounter an electrical fire, the first thing to do is to evacuate the building immediately. Do not try to be a hero. Your life and the lives of others are more important than any possessions. Leave the building and close the door behind you to contain the fire. Do not re-enter the building until the fire has been contained by firefighters.
Once you are a safe distance away from the fire, call the emergency services. In the US, call 911 and inform them that you believe the fire is electrical. In the UK, call 999. If you are unsure of the number, call your local fire department.
It is important to have a pre-planned escape route that you and your family can follow to guide you to safety. It is also a good idea to install smoke detectors throughout your home, especially in areas where electrical appliances are used. These can provide an early warning in case of a fire and give you and your family time to evacuate safely.
To prevent electrical fires from occurring in the first place, it is recommended to have a licensed electrician inspect your wiring, circuit breakers, and other electrical components to ensure they are in good working condition. They can also advise on whether your home would benefit from additional safety measures such as AFCI protection. Regularly inspect electrical devices for signs of wear or fraying of wires, and do not use devices that show signs of damage.
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Frequently asked questions
If there is a large electrical fire, follow a pre-planned escape route to guide yourself and your family to safety and get everyone out immediately. Call 911 or your local fire department and inform them that you believe it is an electrical fire. Do not re-enter your home until the fire has been contained by firefighters.
If it is safe to do so, you can try to put out a small electrical fire by smothering it. You can use a fire extinguisher rated for electrical fires (C or ABC-rated), baking soda, or a fire blanket. You can also use a dense blanket or item of clothing to smother the fire, but be cautious as using the wrong materials or incorrect technique can cause the fire to spread. If possible, shut off the electricity to the source of the fire.
To prevent electrical fires, you should ensure that electrical appliances and devices are used according to the manufacturer's instructions. Do not overload power points, extension cords, or outlets, and do not use damaged cords or plugs. Get your electrical systems and devices regularly inspected by a licensed electrician and install smoke detectors throughout your home.
