Beatrice Lang
The states of Michigan and Wisconsin have 16 and 10 electoral college votes, respectively. In the 2020 US presidential election, Joe Biden won both states, with Donald Trump seeking a recount in Wisconsin. However, in 2024, Trump flipped both states, winning by 1.4% in Michigan and 0.9% in Wisconsin.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Number of Electoral College Votes for Michigan | 15 |
| Number of Electoral College Votes for Wisconsin | 10 |
| Basis of Allocation of Electoral College Votes | Number of Senators and Representatives in the U.S. Congressional delegation |
| Total Number of Electoral College Votes | 538 |
| Majority Needed to Elect | 270 |
| Wisconsin's Political History | Primarily Republican through 1928, turned Democratic during the Great Depression and World War II |
| Democrats won the seven elections from 1988 to 2012 | |
| Donald Trump won Wisconsin in 2016 and 2024 | |
| Number of Electoral College Votes for Nebraska | 5 |
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What You'll Learn
Michigan has 15 electoral votes
In the 2024 presidential election, Donald Trump narrowly won both Michigan and Wisconsin. In Michigan, Trump won by 1.4% over Kamala Harris, while in Wisconsin, he won by 0.9% over Harris, making it the closest race in the country that year.
Michigan's population has been declining relative to the rest of the country since the 1970s, and it was the only state to lose population in the 2010 Census. This has resulted in a reduction of its electoral clout.
The states with the most electoral votes are California (54), Texas (40), Florida (30), and New York (28). Other states with higher numbers of electoral votes than Michigan include Illinois and Pennsylvania (19 each), Ohio (17), and Georgia and North Carolina (16 each).
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Wisconsin has 10 electoral votes
In the US, every state is allocated a certain number of electoral votes. This number is based on the Census and is equal to the number of Senators and Representatives in each state's US Congressional delegation. Each state gets two votes for its Senators, plus an additional vote for each Congressional district. For example, North Dakota, South Dakota, Vermont, and Wyoming each have three electoral votes.
Electoral votes are used to determine the winner of each US presidential election. The Electoral College coordinates certain functions between the states and Congress, although it does not appoint electors or have contact with them. Instead, each state decides how to appoint its electors, provided that it follows a law enacted before Election Day. All states currently use the popular vote results from the November general election to decide which party chooses the appointed individuals.
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Electors are appointed by each state
The appointment of electors is a state-level process in the United States. Each state appoints a number of electors equal to the number of its Congressional delegation (the number of members of the House of Representatives plus two Senators). The process of appointing electors is determined by each state legislature, and there is variation among the states. In some states, electors are nominated by voters in primaries, while in others, they are nominated in party conventions or by the campaign committee of each candidate.
The appointment of electors is a two-part process. First, the political parties in each state choose slates of potential electors before the general election. Second, during the general election, voters in each state select their state's electors by casting their ballots. These ballots are cast for the presidential candidate of their choice, and the winning candidate's slate of potential electors are then appointed as the state's electors.
It is important to note that the U.S. Constitution contains very few provisions regarding the qualifications of electors. However, Article II, Section 1, Clause 2, disqualifies elected and appointed federal officials, including Senators and Representatives, from being appointed as electors. Additionally, the 14th Amendment disqualifies state officials who have engaged in insurrection or rebellion against the United States.
The number of electoral votes allocated to each state is based on the Census and is equal to the number of its Senators and Representatives in the U.S. Congressional delegation. While most states follow the "winner-takes-all" method, where the winner of the statewide popular vote receives all the electoral votes for that state, Nebraska and Maine use a proportional distribution system. In these states, the winner of the popular vote in each congressional district receives one elector, and the winner of the statewide vote receives the remaining two electors.
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Votes based on the number of Senators and Representatives
The number of electoral votes a state receives is based on the number of Senators and Representatives in its U.S. Congressional delegation. Each state is allocated two votes for its Senators in the U.S. Senate, plus a number of votes equal to the number of its Congressional districts. For example, Michigan has 15 electoral votes, while Wisconsin has 10.
The Electoral College is a process, not a physical place, by which the President and Vice President of the United States are elected. It is comprised of 538 electors, and a majority of 270 electoral votes are required to elect the President. Each state has the same number of electors as it does Members in its Congressional delegation: one for each Member in the House of Representatives, plus two Senators.
The District of Columbia is treated like a state for the purposes of the Electoral College under the 23rd Amendment of the Constitution and is allocated three electors. Each state, including Washington, D.C., decides how to appoint its electors, but they must do so according to the law enacted before Election Day. All states use the popular vote results from the November general election to decide which political party chooses the individuals who are appointed.
On Election Day, the voters in each state choose electors to serve in the Electoral College. The State Executive of each state then signs a Certificate of Ascertainment to appoint the electors chosen in the general election. The electors in each state meet to select the President and Vice President of the United States, and Congress meets in a joint session to count the electoral votes. The Vice President of the United States, as President of the Senate, presides over the count and announces the results. The President-elect takes the oath of office and is sworn in as President on January 20th in the year following the general election.
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Wisconsin's voting history
Wisconsin has participated in 44 US presidential elections since gaining statehood in 1848. The state was primarily Republican until 1928, after which it—like most states—turned Democratic during the Great Depression and World War II. Wisconsin voted Republican more often than not from the mid-1940s through 1984. Democrats then won the seven elections from 1988 through 2012, though the races in 2000 and 2004 were extremely close.
In 2016, Donald Trump won Wisconsin by a margin of 0.7% over Hillary Clinton. This victory was unexpected, as not a single poll had him winning the state. In 2020, Wisconsin returned to the Democratic fold, with Joe Biden defeating Trump by 0.62 percentage points. However, Trump reclaimed the state in 2024, beating Kamala Harris by 0.9% in the closest race in the country that year.
Wisconsin is tied with Michigan and Pennsylvania for the longest active streak of voting for the winning candidate, last voting for a losing candidate in 2004. In 1924, Robert M. La Follette became the only third-party presidential candidate to win in Wisconsin, taking 53.96% of the popular vote.
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