Beatrice Lang
Electric fans are a more efficient, energy-saving alternative to fan clutches. They are also lighter and release parasitic power from the vehicle's engine. However, installing an electric fan requires more power from the alternator, which may need to be replaced. Electric fans can be mounted offset from the radiator centre, and they are more effective when mounted as close to the hot water inlet as possible. Before installing an electric fan, it is important to consider the CFM (fan airflow) and physical area of the radiator covered, as well as the electrical supply, relay, and controller.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Reason for conversion | To make the engine run cooler |
| Benefits | Improved performance, higher mileage, more power |
| Requirements | Power source, temperature probe, electrical knowledge, wiring and control knowledge |
| Considerations | Engine cooling system, fan speed, fan power, fan placement, fan size |
| Available products | Thermatic® Fans, AFCO 85287 195on/185off switch, Bosch AL129X alternator, Flex-a-Lite 180 fan |
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What You'll Learn
Electric fans can improve performance and reduce engine stress
Switching from a fan clutch to an electric fan can also reduce engine stress by removing the heavy stock clutch fan, which requires power from the engine to turn, resulting in less power available at the wheels. Electric fans are more efficient and energy-saving, as they are controlled by a fan switch that engages at the engine's thermostat temperature opening for maximum cooling effect. This independence from the engine allows for more precise control of the fan's operation, ensuring optimal cooling without placing additional demands on the engine.
Furthermore, electric fans can improve performance by providing more effective cooling when mounted close to the hot water inlet (top radiator hose). High-flow, lower-current electric fans function well on single-core radiators, while more powerful fans with higher current ratings can draw air through multi-row radiators and air conditioning cores. This enhanced cooling capability can contribute to improved engine performance and longevity.
It is worth noting that electric fans may require replacing the alternator as they pull more power from it. Additionally, electric components are inherently more susceptible to failure, and direct bolt-in electric fans can be more costly than mechanical fans. However, with proper sizing and installation, electric fans offer a performance upgrade by reducing engine stress and improving cooling efficiency.
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Electric fans can be wired to the alternator or battery
Electric fans can be wired to the alternator or the battery. However, there are a few things to consider when making this decision. Firstly, electric fans pull a lot of power, so you need to ensure your power source can handle the load. One user suggested that a more powerful alternator may be needed to handle the added amperage capacity.
Wiring the fan to the alternator can provide more amps to the fan, maximising its full potential. However, it is important to use a relay to protect against voltage spikes, as these can fry the fan. The alternator is already connected to the positive terminal of the battery, so the circuit is just broken when the ignition is turned off.
On the other hand, wiring the fan to the battery can also be a viable option. The battery stabilises voltage, which is important when the fan starts up as they can pull a lot of amps. One user suggested changing the wiring to run a larger gauge wire off the alternator to the battery, ensuring the wire from the starter to the battery is in good shape.
It is also important to consider the fan's specifications, such as airflow (CFM) and maximum current draw. A more powerful fan may be needed to draw air through multi-row radiators and air conditioning cores. Additionally, the use of a fan shroud can make more effective use of the fan.
Overall, both wiring options are possible, but it is important to consider the specific requirements and limitations of your setup to ensure the fan functions effectively and safely.
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Electric fans can be mounted in front of or behind the radiator
Puller fans, or fans mounted in front of the radiator, are generally considered more efficient at cooling. This is because they pull air through a larger surface area of the radiator, creating a low-pressure area behind the radiator. However, some argue that a pusher fan, or a fan mounted behind the radiator, is better at directing airflow and may be more effective when the vehicle is in motion.
Another factor to consider is the available space in your engine bay. Puller fans typically require more clearance in front of the radiator, while pusher fans can be mounted closer to the radiator, making them a better option for vehicles with limited space. It's important to measure the dimensions of your radiator and engine bay to ensure that the fan you choose will fit properly.
Additionally, the type of fan and its specifications should be taken into account. Electric fans come in various sizes, torque, and power ratings. A more powerful fan with higher torque and a larger motor will be more effective at moving air and cooling the radiator. However, these fans may draw more electrical power, so it's important to ensure your vehicle's electrical system can handle the load.
When switching from a fan clutch to an electric fan, it's important to consider the benefits and limitations of each setup. Fan clutches are viscous coupling devices that engage and disengage the fan based on air temperature and engine speed. While they are effective, they can limit the maximum fan speed and may spin continuously, drawing power from the engine. Electric fans, on the other hand, offer more precise control over fan speed and can be operated independently, but they require a power source and may require modifications to the vehicle's electrical system.
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Electric fans can be controlled by a thermostat
Automotive belt-driven fan clutches have been available as standard equipment on some passenger and SUV vehicles for many years. Fan clutches are viscous or "fluid" coupling devices with a built-in thermostat coil spring that detects the air temperature passing through the radiator. The clutch is used to engage and disengage the fan at a specified engine speed or temperature. However, the fan clutch also limits how fast the fan can rotate and only turns the fan at a fraction of the water pump speed, depending on engine speed and temperature.
An automotive electric fan offers a more efficient, energy-saving alternative over a fan clutch or belt-driven mechanical fan. Electric fans can be controlled by a thermostat. For example, Davies Craig Thermatic® Fans are controlled by a Thermatic® Fan Switch, which can be adjusted to engage at the engine's thermostat temperature opening for maximum cooling effect.
To install an electric fan, you will need a power source, a place to put the temperature probe, and, optionally, a line from the AC relay to turn the fan on when the AC is on. Some electrical knowledge is required, but only a few wires are necessary. It is recommended to get the power from the alternator over the battery.
There are various models of electric fans and thermostats available on the market. For example, Amazon offers a range of automotive replacement engine radiator cooling fan motor relays, switches, and thermostats. American Volt also offers electric fan thermostat wiring kits.
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Electric fans can be purchased as part of a conversion kit
Before purchasing an electric fan conversion kit, it is important to measure the radiator core area, width, and height to ensure the new fan will fit. It is also crucial to check the depth, which is the distance between the front point of the engine block and the rear of the radiator.
When installing an electric fan, it is recommended to get the power from the alternator rather than the battery. Additionally, the fan should be mounted as close to the hot water inlet (top radiator hose) as possible for maximum effectiveness.
Some conversion kits may require some electrical knowledge for installation, as they may need to be wired to the battery and connected to a temperature probe or sensor. It is also important to consider the fan's CFM (airflow) and physical area of the radiator covered to ensure it will provide sufficient cooling.
Overall, converting from a fan clutch to an electric fan can offer benefits such as improved engine performance, reduced stress on the engine, and potential gains in miles per gallon (mpg).
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Frequently asked questions
An automotive electric fan offers a more efficient, energy-saving alternative over a fan clutch. Thermatic® Fans are lighter, release parasitic power from the vehicle’s engine, and expend less energy than a fan clutch.
You will need a power source, a place to put the temperature probe, and a line from the AC relay to turn the fan on when the AC is on. Some electrical knowledge is required but only a few wires. You can purchase a basic wiring/relay kit from Amazon for $30-$40.
Make sure to get the power from the alternator over the battery. Examine the airflow (CFM) and maximum current draw of the fan. The higher the current rating, the more powerful the fan. A more powerful fan can draw air through multi-row radiators and air conditioning cores.
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