Otis Singleton
Electric vehicles (EVs) are becoming an increasingly popular way to travel, with more models coming to market and major automakers shifting away from traditional gas-powered vehicles. EVs are easier to drive than conventional cars due to their mechanical simplicity, and driving one is very straightforward. However, there are some key differences to be aware of, such as the various drive settings, the regenerative braking system, and the process of charging the vehicle.
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What You'll Learn
Locating the charging port
Once you have located the charging port, you will need to unlock it. Access to the charging port can usually be gained by pressing a button or pulling a small lever on the centre console. In some models, the charging port release may also be found on the dash or driver's side door panel. Knowing how to unlock the charging port is just as important as knowing its location, as you will need to plug in your vehicle to charge.
The charging cable is typically kept under the boot floor or in a designated bag. It is worth noting that some EVs, such as the Ford F-150 Lightning, Genesis GV60, Hyundai Ioniq 5, Kia EV6, and Rivian R1T, have built-in plugs that can provide short-term electric power for small household goods and appliances. This feature can be handy for powering small appliances while on the go.
While the location and unlocking mechanism of the charging port may vary across different EV models, the basic principles of charging remain consistent. Understanding these principles and the specific location and mechanism of your EV's charging port will help you confidently navigate the charging process and ensure your vehicle is ready for use when needed.
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Using drive settings
Electric vehicles (EVs) are, for the most part, easier to drive than conventional cars. The main controls for driving are much the same, and you can use the same techniques as you would with a combustion engine car to preserve energy, such as driving smoothly and anticipating hazards.
When starting an EV, you'll first need to press the 'Power' or 'Start' button on the dashboard. Some cars, like Teslas, will wake up automatically when you sit in the driver's seat. After starting the car, you can choose your preferred drive settings. While most EVs operate on a single speed, they often feature other settings to give you more control over your driving experience. These include sport modes for sustained acceleration and different speed-limiting and braking functions that help conserve battery life. You can switch between these settings using a paddle shifter found next to the steering wheel or console, or via the touchscreen.
The strength of regenerative braking systems can also be adjusted. Regenerative braking (known as "regen") turns the electric drive motors into generators, slowing the car as the wheels spin and returning energy to the battery. The stronger the regen setting, the less you will need to use the brake pedal. This is known as "one-pedal driving". You can adjust the regen setting via paddles on either side of the steering wheel, or via the touchscreen. Some cars also allow you to adjust the regen setting by choosing 'B' mode on the gear selector.
You can also precondition an EV's cabin while it's still plugged in and charging. This means heating or cooling the cabin to the optimum temperature before you set off, so that you don't need to draw on the car's battery pack to do so. Preconditioning can usually be set up and controlled through the car's smartphone app.
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Braking smoothly
Scan the road ahead
It is impossible to stop smoothly if you do not see the reason you need to stop until the last second. Scan ahead for signs, signals, roadway markings, and potential hazards that you may need to brake for. Anticipate other drivers' actions so you can respond swiftly and appropriately. Cover the brake when you spot potential hazards by lifting your foot off the accelerator and placing it over the brake. This reduces your speed and your reaction time, which in turn reduces your total stopping distance.
Use a light touch
The brake pedals are not on/off switches. The harder you press on the pedal, the more force is applied. When you are moving slowly and almost at a complete stop, you only need a very small amount of braking force. If you are still applying the same amount of force to the brakes as you were when you were braking at a higher speed, it will be too much and will cause the car to jerk to a halt. As you come to a stop, gently ease off the brake pedal.
Start braking earlier
Larger vehicles require more force to stop, while smaller vehicles take less. If you drive a large SUV or truck, you may find that braking earlier makes it easier to roll to a complete and smooth stop. If you start braking earlier, you will also need to brake less forcefully, which will help you to avoid jerking to a stop.
Wear flat-bottomed shoes
Flat-bottomed shoes allow you to feel what the brake system is doing, giving you better control.
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Driving quietly
Electric vehicles (EVs) are known for being quieter than conventional cars. This is because, unlike traditional combustion engines, electric motors don't require mechanical valves, gears, or fans. While idling, an EV motor quietly hums, and when moving, the main sounds you'll hear are the tires and the wind. This quietness can be a boon in urban environments, where road traffic is the main contributor to noise pollution. However, it can also be a drawback, as quieter cars can pose dangers to children, the visually impaired, pedestrians, and cyclists.
Due to safety concerns, some countries have laws requiring quiet EVs to be noisier. Many manufacturers now have engineers who create artificial sounds to warn other road users. These sounds are often played in the passenger compartment for the benefit of the occupants, and some cars even have "Accelerator Pedal Sound Response" functions, which change the volume and tone according to the operation of the accelerator pedal.
Despite the quietness of the electric motor, it's important to note that EVs are not completely silent. At higher speeds, the sound of wind resistance and road and tyre noise can be loud enough to alert pedestrians and other road users. Additionally, the magnets in an electric motor can emit high-frequency noises, which are noticeable at low speeds.
If you're new to driving an EV, you may need to adjust to the quietness of the vehicle. The absence of engine noise and vibration can be disorienting for those accustomed to driving internal combustion engine cars. You may find that you need to pay more attention to your speed and be gentler on the throttle. The instant torque of electric motors provides swift acceleration, so be prepared for a smoother and faster driving experience.
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Charging options
Charging an electric vehicle (EV) is a key consideration when it comes to driving one. There are various charging options available for EVs, and it is important to understand the differences between them.
Firstly, you can charge your EV at home. This is a convenient option, as you can charge your car overnight or whenever it is parked at your residence. Home charging can be done using a standard wall outlet, or you can install a dedicated charging station, which is faster and more efficient. Installing a charging station at home can be costly, but it may be worth considering if you plan to regularly charge your EV at home.
Another option is to use public charging stations. These are typically found at locations such as shopping centres, car parks, and roadside rest areas. Public charging stations can be classified into two main types: Level 2 chargers and DC fast chargers. Level 2 chargers are commonly found at most public charging locations and are similar to the ones you would install at home. They take several hours to fully charge an EV. DC fast chargers, on the other hand, are much quicker and can add a significant amount of range in a short time. These are ideal for long-distance travel or if you need a quick top-up while on the go. However, DC fast chargers are not as ubiquitous as gas stations, and their usage may depend on the type of vehicle and brand of charger.
Additionally, some EV models, such as the Ford F-150 Lightning, Genesis GV60, Hyundai Ioniq 5, Kia EV6, and Rivian R1T, have built-in plugs that can provide short-term electric power for small household appliances. This feature can be useful in certain situations, but it is not a substitute for dedicated charging infrastructure.
It is also important to note that different EVs have different charging port locations. The charging port may be on the rear left or right panel, in front of the driver's side door, or built into the hood. Familiarise yourself with your EV's charging port location and how to access it before hitting the road.
Lastly, when it comes to charging options, it is worth mentioning that the power output of chargers varies. Chargers with higher power outputs, such as those delivering 150 kW or 350 kW, can add more range per minute, but only if your vehicle is compatible with ultra-fast charging. Check your EV's specifications to determine its maximum charging rate and plan your charging stops accordingly.
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Frequently asked questions
Press the 'Power' or 'Start' button on the dashboard to turn the car on. You will likely hear a noise to signify that the car is ready to drive, but it won't be the sound of an engine. Some cars, such as Teslas, Polestars, and Volkswagen's ID models, will turn on without the need to press anything.
Electric vehicles generate torque almost instantly, so press down gently on the accelerator to begin driving. If it's your first time driving an electric car, start off slowly and gradually increase your speed. To preserve your vehicle's battery life, brake smoothly. You can simply remove your foot from the accelerator and the car will gradually come to a stop. If you need to slow down suddenly, apply light pressure to the brake pedal.
The electrical charging port may be in one of several places, depending on the model. On many vehicles, it can be found on the rear left or right panel where the gas tank would ordinarily be. Other cars have their ports situated just in front of the driver's side door or built into the hood. You can usually access the charging port by pressing a button or pulling a lever on the center console, or the port release may be found on the dash or driver's side door panel.
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