Wiktor Wise
Electric train sets have various ratios, which refer to the distance between the tracks. The ratio also determines the size of the train, with larger scales having more detail and smaller scales offering more intricate tracks. The most popular model train scale in North America is HO, which has a ratio of 1:87.1. N scale is the second most popular, with a ratio of 1:160. Other common ratios include G scale, which ranges from 1:20.3 to 1:32, S scale, which has a ratio of 1:64, and Z scale, which has a ratio of 1:220. Electric locomotive to train car ratios are also important, with numerically high ratios common in freight units and numerically low ratios typical of passenger engines. For example, a 1:2 ratio would mean one electric locomotive for every two freight cars on a steep incline.
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What You'll Learn
Electric train set ratios for freight units vs passenger engines
Electric train sets come in a variety of scales and ratios, which are used to ensure that the models are correctly sized and can fit on the same set of tracks. The most popular model train scales in North America are HO, N, O, and G, with HO being the most popular in the US and Canada. The HO scale has a ratio of 1:87 or 1:87.1, depending on the source.
When it comes to electric train sets for freight units versus passenger engines, the type of service dictates the gear ratio employed. Numerically high ratios are commonly used for freight units, while numerically low ratios are typical for passenger engines. This is because freight locomotives are designed to deliver high starting tractive effort and high sustained power, enabling them to start and move long, heavy trains, but usually at relatively low maximum speeds. On the other hand, passenger locomotives typically develop lower starting tractive effort but can operate at the high speeds required to maintain passenger schedules.
In terms of electric locomotive usage, electrification is widespread in Europe, with electric multiple units (EMUs) commonly used for passenger trains. Electric locomotives have much lower operating costs than diesel locomotives, which has motivated governments to electrify their railway networks. In North America, however, diesel locomotives are more prevalent due to their flexibility and the relatively low cost of their infrastructure.
Some countries, like Japan, prefer using EMUs over electric locomotives for passenger service. Electric locomotives are often used for freight and select long-distance services in Japan. In North America, diesel-electric locomotives are typically used for all freight services and most long-distance passenger services, with rare exceptions.
Overall, the choice between electric and diesel-electric locomotives for freight and passenger services depends on various factors, including infrastructure costs, operating costs, government investments, and the specific requirements of the train service.
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HO scale electric train sets
Electric train sets come in a variety of scales, or ratios, with HO being one of the most popular in the US and Canada. The HO scale refers to a ratio of 1:87 or 1:87.1, meaning the model train is designed at 1/87th of the size of a real train. This scale is ideal for those new to model trains as it offers a wide variety of models for rolling stock, locomotives, and buildings, and can be used to create a simple yet satisfying display.
HO scale train sets, also known as "starter sets", typically include a power supply, track, and train. Bachmann, KATO, Hornby, Walthers, Athearn, Lionel, and PIKO TrainWorld are popular brands that offer a range of HO scale model train sets. These sets provide a cost-effective way to get started in the world of model railroading, as they include the basic components needed to create a functional train layout.
One example of an HO scale electric train set is the Bachmann Chessie Special, which includes a Chesapeake & Ohio 0-6-0 steam locomotive, four freight cars, a track oval, and a power pack. Another option is the Lionel Christmas Express, which features a LionChief Bluetooth-controlled North Pole Central 2-8-4 locomotive and three cars. Bachmann also offers the Norman Rockwell Freedom Train Set, which includes an EMD F7 locomotive, a display car, a wide-vision caboose, and an E-Z Track Oval® speed controller.
HO scale trains are known for their finer details and wide range of available accessories. They are half the size of their larger O scale cousins, making them a popular choice for those with limited space. The smaller size also allows for more intricate track layouts, such as tunnels and mountain passages. With improvements in manufacturing methods, HO scale trains have become increasingly affordable and accessible, offering something for modellers of all budgets.
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N scale electric train sets
Electric train sets come in a variety of scales, or ratios, with the most popular in North America being HO, N, O, and G. These letters stand for specific ratios that tell modellers what fraction they are using to scale a model train to its real-world size. The N scale, for example, has a ratio of 1:160, meaning the model train is 1/160th the size of the real thing.
There are a variety of N scale electric train sets available from brands like Bachmann and Kato. Bachmann offers a range of ready-to-run electric train sets, including the "Thunder Valley", "Durango & Silverton", and "Spirit of Christmas" sets. They also offer a "World's Greatest Hobby Track Pack" and individual items like the "Snap-Fit E-Z Track Remote Turnout" and the "EMD F7-A Diesel Locomotive DCC Equipped Norfolk Southern Train Car".
Kato offers the "Chicago Metra Bi-Level Commuter Train-Only Set" and the "TomyTec 281 Limited Express Haruka Kanzashi 6-Car Train-Only Set".
N scale model trains are roughly half the size of HO scale trains, allowing modellers to build more complicated layouts in smaller spaces. N scale trains can also be used in larger spaces, such as garages or basements, to create life-like but small scenes.
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G scale electric train sets
G-scale electric train sets are a great way to get into model trains. They are the largest size for model trains, making them more durable and perfect for families. G-scale trains were introduced by Lehmann Grosse Bahn (meaning "Lehmann Big Trains") in the 1960s. They are often used in outdoor garden railways, where hobbyists combine their love of trains with gardens and scenic elements. Even the smallest G-scale setup will take up a lot of room. G-scale model trains range in scale from 1:20.3 to 1:32, but they can generally run together on the same gauge track.
G-scale train sets are available from manufacturers such as LGB, PIKO, USA Trains, and Bachmann. These sets typically include everything you need to get started, such as an engine, cars, track, and power supply. Some specific G-scale train sets include the Bachmann Cowcatcher Train Set, which features a 4-6-0 Locomotive, Animated Stock Car, Caboose, Track Oval, and Speed Controller. Another option is the LGB #72403 Work Train Starter Set, which includes sound and smoke effects.
When choosing a model train scale, it's important to consider your interests and the amount of space available. Larger scales like G-scale offer more opportunities for detail and can be more realistic, but smaller scales allow for more intricate tracks and layouts in limited spaces. HO scale (1:87) is the most popular model train scale in the US and Canada, offering a wide variety of models and accessories. N scale (1:160) is also popular, especially for building complicated layouts in smaller spaces.
The ratios measured for each model train scale refer to the distance between the tracks. Some tracks have dual gauges and can accommodate two different scales. The right scale for you will depend on your specific interests and the amount of space you have available.
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Z scale electric train sets
Model train sets come in a variety of scales, with the most popular in North America being the HO, N, O and G scales. However, Z scale electric train sets, with a ratio of 1:220 and a gauge of 6.5mm, are also available.
Toy manufacturer Marklin released the first Z-scale model trains in 1972. Initially dismissed as a novelty when imported to America, Z-scale trains have since gained a niche following as manufacturing processes have improved and the tiny mechanisms have become more reliable. While the selection of trains and accessories can be limited, several manufacturers are dedicated to producing modern American-style Z-scale trains.
Z-scale train sets are a great way to get someone new into model trains. Most people start out with a pre-packaged "starter set", which usually includes a power supply, track and train. While better starter sets include a more robust power source, the power pack supplied with a starter set is usually sufficient to begin with.
There are a variety of Z-scale starter sets available, including the Rokuhan G009-1 JR Freight DE10 Uncoupler Starter Set, the AZL Southern Pacific 2-Train Operation Set, and the AZL ATSF RSD-5 Basic Starter Set.
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Frequently asked questions
The HO scale ratio is 1:87.1. HO is the most popular model train scale in the U.S. and Canada.
The N scale ratio is 1:160. N scale is the second most popular model train scale in North America.
The G scale ratio ranges from 1:20.3 to 1:32. G scale trains are often used in outdoor garden railways.
The Z scale ratio is 1:220. Z scale model trains were first released in 1972 and are the smallest model trains available.
