Wiktor Wise
Synchros are a type of transducer that transforms the angular position of a shaft into an electric signal. They are used as error detectors and rotary position sensors. The electrical zero position is used as a reference for specifying the angular position of the rotor. The input to the synchro transmitter is the angular position of its rotor shaft, and the output is a set of three stator coil-to-coil voltages. By measuring and identifying these voltages, the angular position of the rotor can be determined. The electrical zero position of the rotor is important for the functioning of the synchro system, as it serves as a reference point for determining the rotor's angular position.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Definition | A synchro is a type of transducer that transforms the angular position of the shaft into an electric signal |
| Types | Control type synchro, Torque transmission type synchro |
| Function | Error detector, Rotary position sensor |
| Synchro pair | Synchro transmitter, Synchro control transformer |
| Electrical zero position | Used as a reference for specifying the angular position of the rotor |
| Input | Angular position of its rotor shaft |
| Output | Set of three stator coil-to-coil voltages |
| Construction | Similar to the synchro transmitter except for the shape of the rotor |
| Rotor of control transformer | Cylindrical shape to ensure a uniform air gap |
| Coarse setting | Device is zeroed on the 0º position |
| Fine setting | Aligning two marks on the synchro |
| Frequency | Terrestrial synchros: 50 or 60 Hz, Marine/aeronautical synchros: 400 Hz |
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What You'll Learn
- The electrical zero position is used as a reference for specifying the rotor's angular position
- The transmitter rotor's electrical zero position and the control transformer rotor's null position
- The angular displacement between the rotor axes of the transmitter and controller
- The electrical output from the rotor is proportional to the sine of the difference between the rotor angular position and electrical input angle
- The zero position of the rotor is used as a reference for determining the rotor angular position
The electrical zero position is used as a reference for specifying the rotor's angular position
The electrical zero position is a critical reference point for determining the angular position of a rotor in a synchro system. Synchros are devices that convert the angular position of a shaft into an electric signal, with applications in error detection and rotary position sensing.
The electrical zero position serves as a baseline for measuring and specifying the angular position of the rotor. By establishing this zero position, it becomes possible to accurately identify the rotor's angular displacement at any given time. This reference point is essential for the precise control and operation of the system.
In a synchro system, the angular position of the rotor shaft is the input, and the output is a set of three stator coil-to-coil voltages. These voltages are measured and identified at the stator terminals, allowing for the determination of the rotor's angular position. The electrical zero position is a key aspect of this process, as it provides a reference point from which the voltages and, subsequently, the angular position can be calculated.
The synchro transmitter and the synchro control transformer, also known as the synchro pair, play a crucial role in this process. The transmitter's shaft rotates, sending information, while the receiver's shaft operates a dial or light mechanical load. The electrical zero position of the transmitter's rotor is significant because it corresponds to the null position of the control transformer's rotor, where the output voltage on the rotor winding is zero. This relationship between the electrical zero position and the null position ensures the accurate alignment of the shafts and the proper functioning of the synchro system.
The electrical zero position is established through a two-step process. The first step is the coarse or approximate setting, ensuring the device is zeroed on the 0° position. The second step is the fine setting, making any necessary adjustments for precise alignment. By following these steps, the electrical zero position is accurately determined, providing a reliable reference for specifying the rotor's angular position.
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The transmitter rotor's electrical zero position and the control transformer rotor's null position
The synchro is a type of transducer that transforms the angular position of a shaft into an electric signal. It is used as an error detector and as a rotary position sensor. The transmitter and the control transformer are the two main parts of the synchro. The electrical zero position of the transmitter rotor is used as a reference for specifying the angular position of the rotor. The input to the synchro transmitter is the angular position of its rotor shaft, and the output is a set of three stator coil-to-coil voltages. By measuring and identifying these voltages, the angular position of the rotor can be determined.
The construction of the synchro control transformer is similar to that of the synchro transmitter, except for the shape of the rotor. The rotor of the control transformer is made cylindrical to ensure a uniform air gap. This minimizes changes in the rotor impedance with the rotation of the shaft. The control transformer rotor is connected to a servo motor and to the shaft of the load, which is the desired output. The induced emf (error voltage) across the rotor slip rings of the control transformer is measured by a signal conditioning circuit, and this output is used to drive the motor so that the desired load position is achieved.
Initially, the shafts of the transmitter and control transformer are assumed to be in an aligned position. In this position, the transmitter rotor is in the electrical zero position, and the control transformer rotor is in the null position. The angular separation of both rotor axes in the aligned position is 90°. The null position of a control transformer in a servo system is defined as the position of its rotor for which the output voltage on the rotor winding is zero, with the transmitter in its electrical zero position. When the transmitter rotor is excited, rotor flux is set up, and emfs are induced in the stator coils. These induced EMFs are then impressed on the stator coils of the control transformer, and the currents in the stator coils set up flux in the control transformer.
The synchro system is used to control the angular position of the load from a remote location or over a long distance. Smaller synchros are used to remotely drive indicator gauges and as rotary position sensors for aircraft control surfaces, where reliability is crucial. Synchros designed for terrestrial use typically operate at 50 or 60 Hz, while those for marine or aeronautical use operate at 400 Hz.
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The angular displacement between the rotor axes of the transmitter and controller
The electrical zero position serves as a reference point for determining the angular position of the rotor. When the transmitter rotor is in its electrical zero position, the control transformer rotor is in its null position, and the angular separation between their axes is 90 degrees. This initial alignment ensures that the transmitter and controller are in sync and any deviation from this position can be used to calculate the angular displacement.
The transmitter and controller work in tandem to detect errors. The transmitter's shaft is rotated by the mechanism sending information, while the receiver's shaft operates a mechanical load or rotates a dial. The synchro system can be used to control the angular position of a load from a remote location, making it useful for various applications, including aircraft control surfaces and naval steering gear.
The process of zeroing a synchro involves two major steps: the coarse setting and the fine setting. The coarse setting ensures that the device is zeroed on the 0º position, while the fine setting makes precise adjustments. This two-step process ensures that the synchro system is accurately calibrated and can provide reliable angular displacement measurements.
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The electrical output from the rotor is proportional to the sine of the difference between the rotor angular position and electrical input angle
Synchros are used for measuring the angle of a rotating machine, such as an antenna platform or transmitting rotation. They are a type of transducer that transforms the angular position of the shaft into an electric signal. Synchros are often used as error detectors and rotary position sensors. The error occurs due to the misalignment of the shaft.
The primary winding of the transformer, attached to the rotor, is excited by an alternating current. This causes voltages to appear between the Y-connected secondary windings fixed at 120 degrees to each other on the stator. These voltages are then measured to determine the angle of the rotor relative to the stator.
To zero a synchro, there are two major steps: the coarse or approximate setting, and the fine setting. The coarse setting ensures that the device is zeroed on the 0º position rather than the 180º position. This is achieved by aligning two marks on the synchro, such as an arrow stamped on the frame and a line marked on the shaft.
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The zero position of the rotor is used as a reference for determining the rotor angular position
The electrical zero position of a synchro is a reference point for determining the angular position of its rotor. Synchros, also known as Selsyn, Autosyn, and Telesyn, are inductive devices that work on the principle of a rotating transformer (induction motor). They are used to determine the angular position of a rotor by measuring the voltages between the Y-connected secondary windings fixed at 120-degree intervals on the stator.
The zero position of the rotor is a critical reference point for this process. When the rotor angle is at zero, the maximum current is produced in the stator windings. This current flows through the transmitter and the control transformer, establishing a flux between the air gap flux of the control transformer. By measuring the voltages at the stator terminals, it is possible to identify the angular position of the rotor accurately.
The process of zeroing a synchro involves two major steps: the coarse or approximate setting, and the fine setting. The coarse setting ensures that the device is zeroed on the 0-degree position rather than the 180-degree position. This is typically achieved by aligning two marks on the synchro, such as an arrow stamped on the frame and a line marked on the shaft.
The electrical zero position is particularly important for the synchro transmitter, which sends information by rotating its shaft. The angular position of the rotor shaft is the input, and the output is a set of three stator coil-to-coil voltages. By measuring these voltages, the angular position of the rotor can be determined.
Overall, the zero position of the rotor is a fundamental reference point for the accurate determination of the rotor angular position in synchro systems. This reference point is essential for the proper functioning of synchros in various applications, including positional control systems, aircraft control surfaces, and remote control of heavy machinery.
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Frequently asked questions
Synchro is a type of transducer that transforms the angular position of the shaft into an electric signal. It has two main parts: the transmitter and the control transformer.
The electrical zero position of a synchro is the reference point for determining the angular position of the rotor. When the transmitter rotor is in its electrical zero position, the control transformer rotor is in its null position, and the angular separation between the two rotor axes is 90 degrees.
The electrical zero position is established by measuring the voltages at the stator terminals and identifying the angular position of the rotor. The voltages are generated by an alternating current exciting the primary winding of the transformer, which is fixed to the rotor.
There are two major steps to zero a synchro: the coarse or approximate setting, and the fine setting. The coarse setting ensures the device is zeroed on the 0-degree position, and the fine setting makes a more precise adjustment to align the device to the desired reference point.
