Wiktor Wise
Inductance is the tendency of an electrical conductor to oppose a change in the electric current flowing through it. Inductors are integral for the proper functioning of many electronic circuits and other appliances. They are used to filter noise from the current of a power circuit, block high-frequency noise, and prevent it from entering the audio amplifier. The unit of electrical inductance in the International System of Units (SI) is the Henry (H), defined as 1 kg⋅m2⋅s−2⋅A−2. The unit was first proposed in 1893 and later adopted as the standard unit of inductance by the SI in 1946. It is named after Joseph Henry, an American scientist who made significant contributions to the development of electromagnetism.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Unit of electrical inductance | Henry (H) |
| Symbol | H |
| Named after | Joseph Henry |
| Derived unit based on | Kilogram (kg), metre (m), second (s), and ampere (A) |
| Used to measure | High voltage |
| Smaller units | Millihenry (mH), micro-Henry, nano-Henry |
| Used to measure | Radio frequency and audio-frequency range |
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What You'll Learn
The unit of electrical inductance is the Henry (H)
The unit is defined as:
> 1 kg⋅m2⋅s−2⋅A−2
In other words, the Henry is the amount of inductance that generates a voltage of one volt when the current is changing at a rate of one ampere per second. This can also be described as the amount of inductance that causes a flux linkage of 1 weber turn in a coil when a current of 1 ampere flows through it.
The unit is named after Joseph Henry, who discovered electromagnetic induction independently of Michael Faraday in 1831. Henry demonstrated that an electric current could be induced in a coil of wire by a changing magnetic field. This laid the groundwork for the development of inductors and transformers.
Inductance is a property of a conductor or circuit, due to its magnetic field. It tends to oppose changes in the current flowing through it. Inductors are integral for the proper functioning of many electronic circuits and other appliances. They are used to filter out unwanted noise and signals and to transfer and manage electrical energy across a circuit.
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The Henry is a derived unit based on SI base units
The unit of electrical inductance in the International System of Units (SI) is the Henry, with the symbol H. The unit is derived from four of the seven SI base units: kilogram (kg), metre (m), second (s), and ampere (A). The Henry is defined as 1 kg⋅m2⋅s−2⋅A−2.
The unit was first proposed in 1893 by the International Electrical Congress and was later adopted as the standard unit of inductance by the SI in 1946. It is named after Joseph Henry (1797–1878), the American scientist who discovered electromagnetic induction independently of and at about the same time as Michael Faraday in England.
Henry demonstrated that an electric current could be induced in a coil of wire by a changing magnetic field. This set the groundwork for future developments of inductors and transformers. The term inductance was coined by Oliver Heaviside in 1884 as a convenient way to refer to the "coefficient of self-induction".
In the SI system, the Henry is the amount of inductance that causes a voltage of one volt when the current is changing at a rate of one ampere per second. This can also be expressed as the amount of inductance that generates a one-weber turn when a current of one ampere is flowing through a coil.
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Inductance is a property of a conductor or circuit
From Faraday's law of induction, any change in magnetic field through a circuit induces an electromotive force (EMF) (voltage) in the conductors, a process known as electromagnetic induction. This induced voltage, created by the changing current, has the effect of opposing the change in current. This is stated by Lenz's law, and the voltage is called back EMF. Inductance is defined as the ratio of the induced voltage to the rate of change of current causing it. It is a proportionality constant that depends on the geometry of circuit conductors (e.g. cross-section area and length) and the magnetic permeability of the conductor and nearby materials.
The unit of electrical inductance in the International System of Units (SI) is the Henry (symbol: H), named after Joseph Henry, who discovered electromagnetic induction independently of Michael Faraday. One henry is equivalent to one volt divided by one ampere per second. If a current changing at the rate of one ampere per second induces an electromotive force of one volt, the circuit has an inductance of one henry, a relatively large inductance.
Other smaller units like millihenry (mH) or micro-Henry are also used to measure radio frequency and audio-frequency ranges. Sometimes, the nano-Henry unit is also used for very high-frequency ranges.
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Inductance opposes changes in the electric current
Inductance is the tendency of an electrical conductor to oppose a change in the electric current flowing through it. The electric current produces a magnetic field around the conductor. The strength of this magnetic field depends on the magnitude of the electric current, and so it follows any changes in the magnitude of the current.
Faraday's law of induction states that any change in magnetic field through a circuit induces an electromotive force (EMF) (voltage) in the conductors, a process known as electromagnetic induction. This induced voltage, created by the changing current, has the effect of opposing the change in current. This is known as Lenz's law, and the voltage is called back EMF. Inductance is defined as the ratio of the induced voltage to the rate of change of current causing it.
Inductance is a property of a conductor or circuit, due to its magnetic field, which tends to oppose changes in current through the circuit. The inductance of a circuit depends on the geometry of the current path, and on the magnetic permeability of nearby materials. Ferromagnetic materials with a higher permeability like iron near a conductor tend to increase the magnetic field and inductance.
The unit of inductance in the SI system is the Henry (H), named after Joseph Henry, who discovered inductance independently of Michael Faraday. One Henry is the amount of inductance that generates a voltage of one volt when the current is changing at a rate of one ampere per second. Smaller units like millihenry (mH) or micro-Henry are also used to measure radio and audio-frequency ranges.
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Inductors are used to filter noise and unwanted signals
The unit of electrical inductance in the International System of Units (SI) is the Henry, abbreviated as H and defined as 1 kg⋅m2⋅s−2⋅A−2. The unit is named after Joseph Henry, the American scientist who discovered electromagnetic induction.
Inductors are also used in wireless communication devices to manage frequency bands and reduce interference, ensuring clear transmission and reception. They are a crucial component in maintaining the performance of electronic devices. For example, in power supplies, inductors can smooth out sudden voltage spikes and dips, protecting sensitive components and maintaining a steady output voltage.
Inductors can be used in combination with capacitors to block both low and high frequencies while allowing the desired frequency in the middle to pass through. The size of the inductor or capacitor is determined by the frequency range that needs to be blocked or passed.
Inductors are an essential tool in filtering out noise and unwanted signals, ensuring the smooth and efficient operation of electronic devices.
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Frequently asked questions
The unit of electrical inductance in the International System of Units (SI) is the Henry, abbreviated as H.
Inductance is the tendency of an electrical conductor to oppose a change in the electric current flowing through it. The electric current produces a magnetic field around the conductor.
The Henry is a derived unit based on four of the seven base units of the SI: kilogram (kg), metre (m), second (s), and ampere (A). It was first proposed in 1893 by the International Electrical Congress and was named after Joseph Henry, who made significant contributions to the development of electromagnetism.
