Otis Singleton
There are several ways to bring electricity into an enclosed trailer. Depending on the intended use of the trailer, you may require different power sources and electrical wiring. For example, if you plan to use the trailer for work or camping, you may need to power devices, lights, and appliances such as a TV, coffee pot, or air conditioning. To achieve this, you could install a generator, solar panels, or connect to shore power.
Different power sources will require different wiring and electrical setups. For instance, a common travel trailer uses 30A service, but if you plan to use air conditioning, you will need to limit the circuits to 20A and add additional breakers.
It is important to carefully consider your power requirements and consult relevant experts before proceeding with any electrical work.
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Lighting options
When it comes to lighting for your enclosed trailer, there are a few options to consider. Firstly, you'll need to decide between using 12V DC power or 110V AC power. 12V DC power is commonly used for mobile power sources, such as charging your phone in a car, and is suitable for powering lights and small appliances. On the other hand, 110V AC power is the type of electricity you typically find in power outlets at home and can power larger appliances like washers and dryers.
If you opt for 12V DC power, you can consider using a deep cycle marine battery, which can be charged using a portable solar panel. This setup can power interior lights, as well as other features like an electric tongue jack and a tire pressure monitoring system. You can also upgrade your trailer's wiring harness to include a 7-way plug, which provides lights, trailer brakes, and 12V auxiliary power. Additionally, you may want to consider LED lights, which are energy-efficient and long-lasting.
For 110V AC power, you'll need a generator or a connection to "shore power". ALCOM offers 110V power packages that include a variety of features such as motorbase plugs, wall switches, and LED lights. If you plan to use air conditioning, you'll need to consider a higher-amperage option, such as a 30-amp inlet, to handle the load.
It's important to note that you can also combine both 12V DC and 110/120V AC power in your trailer, depending on your specific needs and requirements. Additionally, when installing electrical wiring and lighting, it's always recommended to consult with a licensed electrician to ensure safe and proper installation.
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Power sources
Battery Power
Deep cycle batteries, such as marine batteries, can be used to power enclosed trailers. These batteries can be charged through various methods, including solar panels or via a connection to a vehicle's electrical system. This option provides flexibility and portability, ensuring power even when a trailer is not connected to a stationary power source.
Solar Panels
Solar panels offer a renewable and sustainable way to power an enclosed trailer. They can be used in conjunction with batteries to provide a constant source of energy, keeping the battery topped off. Solar panels are a great option for those who frequently use their trailers outdoors and have access to sunlight.
Shore Power
Shore power refers to the ability to connect your trailer to a stationary power source, such as at a campground or home. This typically requires a power package that includes components like a motorbase plug, breakers, switches, and LED lights. Shore power allows users to access higher wattages and power multiple devices or appliances simultaneously.
Generator Power
Generators are another option for powering enclosed trailers, especially when access to shore power or solar energy is limited. Generators can be used to run various appliances and electrical systems within the trailer, providing flexibility and independence from the electrical grid.
Vehicle Power
In some cases, trailers can be connected to a vehicle's electrical system to draw power. This can be done by plugging the trailer into an electrical outlet in the vehicle or by connecting directly to the vehicle's battery. This method is useful for powering certain trailer functions while on the move.
When choosing a power source for your enclosed trailer, it's important to consider your specific needs, the types of appliances or devices you'll be using, and the availability of power sources during your travels. Consulting with a professional can also help ensure you make the right choices and safely install the necessary components.
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Battery types
When it comes to powering an enclosed trailer, there are a few battery options to consider. The type of battery you choose will depend on your specific needs and usage. Here are some of the most common battery types for enclosed trailers:
12V Deep Cycle Batteries: These batteries are a popular choice for trailers as they can power lights and other appliances. They are widely available and can be found at most RV parts and accessory stores. However, they can be prone to discharging quickly if left on for extended periods. To mitigate this, some people opt for a larger battery or additional batteries in parallel to increase the overall power capacity.
Deep Cycle Marine Batteries: These batteries are designed for marine applications but can also be used in trailers. They are known for their durability and ability to withstand deep discharges without suffering long-term damage. This makes them a good choice for powering items like interior lights, electric jacks, and other trailer accessories.
Lithium Batteries: Lithium batteries are becoming an increasingly popular option for trailers due to their longer lifespan and higher capacity compared to traditional lead-acid batteries. They can be more expensive upfront, but their ability to discharge to 90% or more without long-term damage makes them a cost-effective choice over time.
AGM (Absorbent Glass Mat) Batteries: AGM batteries are known for their durability and low maintenance. They can be a good alternative to traditional lead-acid batteries, offering similar capacity but with better resistance to discharge-related damage.
Golf Cart Batteries: A cost-effective solution is to use two 6-volt golf cart batteries wired in series to achieve 12V output. This setup can provide longer-lasting power compared to standard 12V deep cycle batteries, making it ideal for powering furnaces and lights during extended trips.
When choosing a battery for your enclosed trailer, consider your power requirements, budget, and specific usage patterns. Additionally, remember to follow safety guidelines and consult experts or professionals when dealing with electrical systems.
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Electrical wiring
Planning and Materials
Before beginning any electrical work, it's essential to have a clear plan and gather the necessary materials. Determine the purpose of the trailer and the electrical devices you intend to use, as this will dictate the wiring specifications. Consult with an electrician to ensure your plan is safe and feasible.
Power Sources
Enclosed trailers typically have two power source options: 12V DC and 110V AC power packages. The former is commonly used for mobile power sources, such as lighting or small appliances, while the latter is used for more demanding applications and requires a generator or shore power connection.
Wiring and Outlets
When installing wiring, ensure you use appropriate gauges of wire, such as a 10 GA cord, to prevent voltage drops, especially over longer distances. Run the wiring to accommodate the required outlets and consider installing a pigtail at the trailer tongue for easy access to an extension cord.
Breakers and Panels
Install a breaker box, also known as a load centre, to manage the electrical load and protect against overloads. Depending on your power requirements, you may need multiple breakers. For instance, one 15-amp breaker for lighting and another 20-amp breaker for an air conditioner or other high-power devices.
Batteries and Charging
Consider installing a deep cycle marine battery to provide portable power. This can be charged using solar panels, through a connection to a vehicle, or via shore power when available. Ensure you have a suitable battery charger and controller to maintain battery health and monitor charge levels.
Safety Considerations
Always prioritise safety when working with electricity. Ensure your wiring accommodates the full load of the circuit to prevent overloading. Use appropriate fuses and breakers, and consider GFCI (Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter) protection for modern circuits. Consult product manuals and electrical experts if you're unsure about any aspect of the wiring process.
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Power outlets
For enclosed trailers, there are two main types of power sources: 12V DC and 110V AC. 12V DC power is commonly used for mobile applications, such as charging phones and powering lights or small appliances. Upgrading the trailer's wiring harness to a 7-way plug will provide 12V auxiliary power in addition to lighting. On the other hand, 110V AC power, similar to the electricity in homes and offices, is suitable for running more demanding devices like washers, dryers, and refrigerators.
When installing power outlets, it's essential to ensure safe and efficient wiring. Consider the following:
- Voltage Drop: Use a 10 GA cord to minimise voltage drop, especially when running multiple devices over long distances.
- Circuit Overload: Avoid overloading circuits by using a 12 GA cord, which allows for the full load of the circuit.
- Breaker Box: Install a breaker box to manage power distribution and protect against overloads. A common setup includes a 30A service with a 2-space panel: one 15A breaker for lights and outlets, and a 20A breaker for air conditioning.
- Power Sources: Decide whether you'll primarily use shore power (at campgrounds) or a generator. This will impact your choice of power inlet and cord.
- Inlet and Cord: Opt for a standard 30A RV inlet plug and a 10 GA RV cord to connect to your chosen power source.
- Converter/Fuse Panel: Consider an all-in-one unit like the WFCO converter/fuse panel, which includes a 12V fuse panel, battery charger/converter, and 120V panel.
- Battery: Include a deep cycle marine battery to ensure portable power. You can also add a wired box with a trickle charger to keep the battery fully charged.
Remember, adding electricity to a trailer is not a simple task, and it's always a good idea to consult with a licensed electrician to ensure a safe and proper installation.
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Frequently asked questions
There are a few ways to power an enclosed trailer. One way is to use a generator. Alternatively, you can use solar panels to charge a deep cycle marine battery. You can also use a combination of both, using solar panels to charge the battery and a generator as a backup.
Most interior lights are 12V so if you want lights, you will need 12V DC power. If you want outlets and shore power, you will also need 110/120V AC power.
You will need to consider the power requirements of the devices you plan to use in your trailer. For example, if you plan to use an air conditioner, you will need a higher amperage inlet and breakers than if you were only using lights and phone chargers. You will also need to consider whether you will be plugging into a power source at a campground or using a generator, as this will impact the type of plug and cord you need.
