Otis Singleton
The electrical license test, also known as the Journeyman's test, is an exam that aspiring electricians need to pass to obtain their electrical license. The test content and requirements vary depending on the state, with some states like Pennsylvania and New Jersey having county or local regulations instead. Generally, the exam covers a wide range of topics, with a heavy emphasis on the National Electric Code, and includes multiple-choice and true-or-false questions. Candidates are usually allowed to bring their ID and a calculator into the testing area, and some exams are considered open book, allowing reference materials during the test.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Number of questions | 70-100 |
| Question format | Multiple-choice and true-or-false |
| Time limit | 4 hours |
| Passing score | 70% |
| Fee | Varies by state |
| Allowed materials | Varies by state, e.g., Texas allows only a bound copy of the National Electrical Code; Washington allows more resources |
| Prerequisites | Varies, e.g., 8,000 hours of experience with at least 4,000 in commercial/industrial for general journey level; military experience may count towards required hours |
| Registration | Contact local licensing agency or testing company and submit an application |
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What You'll Learn
State-specific requirements
California
California has its own set of rules for obtaining an electrical license. The process typically involves registering as an electrical trainee, completing a state-approved training or apprenticeship program, gaining on-the-job experience as an apprentice, passing an exam, and applying for licensure. California has one license and five certifications, each requiring different levels of work experience and a passing score of at least 70% on the California electrical exam. The residential and general electrician exams cover topics such as safety, electrical system requirements, installation, maintenance, and repair. Certification renewal is required every three years, along with specific work hours and continuing education requirements.
Florida
In Florida, obtaining an electrical license starts with completing high school or obtaining a GED certificate. Aspiring electricians must then undergo an apprenticeship, gaining a minimum of 8,000 hours of work experience and 144 hours of classroom instruction annually. Some counties may substitute classroom hours with on-the-job experience. After fulfilling these requirements, individuals can take the two-part electrical licensing exam, which covers business topics and technical and safety components. A passing score of 75% is required for each part. To become a master electrician, individuals must gain an additional two years of work experience and pass another exam.
New York
New York, specifically New York City, has a process for obtaining a Master and Special Electrician License. The written exam consists of multiple-choice questions assessing knowledge of the NYC Electrical Code, rules, and applicable regulations, with a passing score of 70%. If the written exam is passed, a practical exam is then scheduled. The practical exam assesses the applicant's ability to apply their knowledge in a hands-on setting. New York also has specific requirements for business entities seeking electrical licenses, including corporations and LLCs. These entities must provide certified copies of their organizational documents and ensure that their business names include terms related to electricity or electrical work.
Texas
Texas has implemented the Journeyman Electrician exam, consisting of two separate parts: a knowledge portion and a calculations portion. Candidates can bring certain reference materials to the exam, such as the National Electrical Code book, but handwritten notes are not allowed. A valid government-issued ID is required for identification purposes. The exam is administered by PSI, with various testing locations across Texas. A passing score of 70% is needed to obtain the electrical license.
Washington
Washington state requires individuals to pass a state examination related to the specific electrical work they will be performing. The exam focuses on practical knowledge rather than memorization, and candidates are encouraged to be familiar with reference materials used in the industry, such as the National Electrical Code (NEC) and WAC/RCW. All electrical exams are open book, and specific copyrighted materials are allowed. Electrical administrators, master electricians, and electricians must complete 24 hours of continuing education within three years of certification renewal, including hours dedicated to studying the National Electrical Code (NEC) and Revised Code of Washington (RCW).
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Test structure
The test structure for an electrical license varies depending on the location and type of license. For example, in Texas, the exam consists of two separate parts: a knowledge portion and a calculations portion. Most versions of the exam contain 70-100 multiple-choice and true-or-false questions, and candidates are generally given about 4 hours to complete it. The pass mark is usually 70% or higher.
The exam is usually "open book", meaning candidates are allowed to refer to any part of the National Electrical Code (NEC) and, in some cases, the NFPA books during the exam. Only soft-bound editions of the NEC are permitted, and candidates are advised to bring their own copies. Calculators are provided at some test centres, but candidates are also allowed to bring their own silent, battery-operated, non-programmable calculators.
The exam covers a wide range of topics, with a heavy emphasis on the NEC, as familiarity with and adherence to this code is vital to obtaining an electrical license. Sample questions include:
- "A MAXIMUM continuous load on an overcurrent device is limited to 90 percent of the device rating. If the protective device is rated 80A, what is the MAXIMUM continuous load permitted?"
- "How many sets of 5-wire feeders sharing the same common neutral are allowed?"
- "Which National Electrical Code article covers telephone, telegraph, outside wiring for fire and burglar alarm systems and similar central station systems?"
In addition to the exam, there are usually minimum qualifications required to test, such as a certain number of hours of experience and/or the completion of an apprenticeship program.
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Electrical theory
To obtain an electrical license, candidates are required to pass an electrical theory exam. The exam is typically administered via computer, although some locations offer a paper-and-pencil option. It consists of multiple-choice and true-or-false questions, with a time limit of around four hours. The specific content of the exam may vary slightly depending on the location, but it generally covers a wide range of topics in electrical theory.
A strong understanding of basic electrical theory is essential for candidates to demonstrate their proficiency in this field. This includes a grasp of fundamental concepts such as electrical circuits, current, voltage, resistance, and electrical safety. Candidates should be prepared to apply these concepts to practical scenarios and calculations related to electrical installations, maintenance, and troubleshooting.
One key area of focus in electrical theory exams is electrical code compliance. Familiarity with the National Electrical Code (NEC) is crucial, as it sets the standards for safe electrical design, installation, and maintenance. Examiners expect candidates to be able to apply the NEC to real-world situations, ensuring that their electrical work adheres to the latest safety regulations and industry best practices.
In addition to theoretical knowledge, electrical licensing exams may also assess practical skills and experience. Candidates are often required to have completed an apprenticeship or have a certain number of hours of work experience in the electrical field. This hands-on training equips them with the necessary skills to apply electrical theory in a practical manner. Some states and localities may have specific requirements regarding the nature and duration of this practical experience.
To prepare for the electrical theory exam, candidates should familiarize themselves with the exam structure and content outlined by their local licensing agency. Practice tests and study guides can be invaluable tools for gaining familiarity with the exam format and refining their knowledge of electrical theory. Additionally, staying updated with any changes or revisions to the National Electrical Code is essential to ensure compliance with the latest industry standards.
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Safety standards
Safety is a key concern in the electrical industry, and as such, there are strict safety standards in place for those seeking an electrical license. These standards are designed to protect employees and electricians from electrical hazards, such as electric shock, electrocution, fires, and explosions. These hazards can often be caused by contact with power lines, a lack of ground-fault protection, a missing or discontinuous path to the ground, and equipment not being used in the prescribed manner.
To ensure safety, OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) has developed a set of electrical standards for general industry and maritime settings. These standards are implemented through 29 state-wide OSHA-approved State Plans, which may have more stringent requirements than federal OSHA regulations.
Electrical licensing exams play a crucial role in upholding safety standards. For example, in North Carolina, candidates must achieve a minimum grade of 70% to pass the exam. In Washington, applicants must complete all the required experience and training for their certificate type before submitting an application for the exam. This includes a minimum number of hours of experience, which can be obtained through formal apprenticeship programs or military service.
The exam in Texas consists of two parts: a knowledge portion and a calculations portion. Applicants are required to provide valid government-issued identification and may use any soft-bound edition of the National Electrical Code (NEC) during the exam.
By adhering to these rigorous safety standards and licensing procedures, the electrical industry aims to minimize the risk of accidents and ensure the protection of both workers and the general public.
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Experience and qualifications
The requirements to take the electrical licensing exam vary depending on the state. For example, in Texas, the exam consists of two parts: a knowledge portion and a calculations portion. In Washington, there are no pre-qualifications for examination, but a significant amount of electrical knowledge is required to pass the exam.
To take the exam, you will need to meet the minimum qualifications, which typically include a certain number of hours of experience. For example, in Washington, you need 8,000 hours of experience, with at least 4,000 in commercial or industrial settings for the general journey level. If you have completed an apprenticeship program, you may need to provide a certificate of completion or a letter from the registered training director outlining the curriculum and the number of in-class hours.
Military experience may also count towards the required hours of experience in some states. For example, in Washington, nuclear, marine, shipyard, aeronautical, and similar experience may count for up to 50% of the required hours. To qualify, you will need to submit documentation of your military experience, such as your DD 214 form or current enlistment documentation, and a Verification of Military Experience and Training (VMET) form.
In addition to the required experience, you may also need to complete a certain level of education or training. For example, in North Carolina, you need to pass the NASCLA Contractors Guide to Business, Law, and Project Management: North Carolina Electrical Edition exam. It is also typical for certain areas to require a completed apprenticeship under the supervision of a master electrician for around one year.
Once you have met the necessary experience and qualification requirements, you can submit your application to take the electrical licensing exam. After your application is approved, you will receive specific instructions on scheduling your exam appointment.
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Frequently asked questions
Prerequisites vary depending on the state and the type of license. In Washington, for example, electricians and master electricians must complete all the required experience and training for their certificate type before taking the exam. In Texas, you must have completed a license application and paid an application fee.
The exam will test your knowledge of basic electric theory, with a heavy emphasis on the
You should bring your required ID and a silent, battery-operated, non-programmable calculator. In some states, like Texas, you are only allowed to bring a bound copy of the National Electrical Code. In Washington, you are permitted to bring many more resources.
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